| Age-dependent changes in the gut microbiota and serum metabolome correlate with renal function and human aging |
| Tue, 28 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| Human aging is invariably accompanied by a decline in renal function, a process potentially exacerbated by uremic toxins originating from gut microbes. Based on a registered household Chinese Guangxi longevity cohort (n = 151), we conducted comprehensive profiling of the gut microbiota and serum metabolome of individuals from 22 to 111 years of age and validated the findings in two independent East Asian aging cohorts (Japan aging cohort n = 330, Yunnan aging cohort n = 80), identifying unique... |
| The changes of gut microbiota and metabolites in different drug-induced liver injuries |
| Tue, 28 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| The increasing incidence of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) has become a major concern. Gut microbiota, as another organ of the human body, has been studied in various tumors, cardiovascular metabolic diseases, inflammatory bowel disease and human immunity. The studies mentioned above have confirmed its important impact on the occurrence and development of DILI. The gut-liver axis explains the close relationship between the gut and the liver, and it may be a pathway by which gut microbes... |
| Comparative biodegradation analysis of three compostable polyesters by a marine microbial community |
| Tue, 28 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| Biodegradable plastics can be used in applications where the end product cannot be efficiently recycled due to high levels of contaminations, e.g., food or soil. Some of these plastics have a dedicated end of life, such as composting, but their degradation in the marine environment is poorly understood. In this study we showed that marine microbial communities can degrade a range of biodegradable polymers with different physical and chemical properties and use these as a sole carbon source for... |
| The Parkinson's drug entacapone disrupts gut microbiome homeostasis via iron sequestration |
| Tue, 28 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| Increasing evidence shows that many human-targeted drugs alter the gut microbiome, leading to implications for host health. However, much less is known about the mechanisms by which drugs target the microbiome and how drugs affect microbial function. Here we combined quantitative microbiome profiling, long-read metagenomics, stable isotope probing and single cell chemical imaging to investigate the impact of two widely prescribed nervous system targeted drugs on the gut microbiome. Ex vivo... |
| The role of gut microbiota and metabolites in cancer chemotherapy |
| Tue, 28 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| BACKGROUND: The microbiota inhabits the epithelial surfaces of hosts, which influences physiological functions from helping digest food and acquiring nutrition to regulate metabolism and shaping host immunity. With the deep insight into the microbiota, an increasing amount of research reveals that it is also involved in the initiation and progression of cancer. Intriguingly, gut microbiota can mediate the biotransformation of drugs, thereby altering their bioavailability, bioactivity, or... |
| Inhibition of the urea cycle by the environmental contaminant 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin increases serum ammonia levels in mice |
| Tue, 28 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor known for mediating the effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and related compounds. TCDD induces non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)-like pathologies including simple steatosis that can progress to steatohepatitis with fibrosis and bile duct proliferation in male mice. Dose-dependent progression of steatosis to steatohepatitis with fibrosis by TCDD has been associated with metabolic... |
| Integrated Metabolomics and Gut Microbiome Analysis Reveals the Efficacy of a Phytochemical Constituent in the Management of Ulcerative Colitis |
| Mon, 27 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that CAH exerts a beneficial role in UC by synergistic modulating the balance in gut microbiota and the associated metabolites, and highlights the nutritional and medicinal value of CAH in UC management. |
| Amuc_1100 pretreatment alleviates acute pancreatitis in a mouse model through regulating gut microbiota and inhibiting inflammatory infiltration |
| Mon, 27 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| Amuc_1100 is a membrane protein from Akkermansia muciniphila, which has been found to play a role in host immunological homeostasis in the gastrointestinal tract by activating TLR2 and TLR4. In this study we investigated the effects and underlying mechanisms of Amuc_1100 on acute pancreatitis (AP) induced in mice by intraperitoneal injection of caerulein and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The mice were treated with the protein Amuc_1100 (3 μg, i.g.) for 20 days before caerulein injection. Cecal... |
| The oxygen-tolerant reductive glycine pathway assimilates methanol, formate and CO2 in the yeast Komagataella phaffii |
| Mon, 27 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| The current climatic change is predominantly driven by excessive anthropogenic CO(2) emissions. As industrial bioprocesses primarily depend on food-competing organic feedstocks or fossil raw materials, CO(2) co-assimilation or the use of CO(2)-derived methanol or formate as carbon sources are considered pathbreaking contributions to solving this global problem. The number of industrially-relevant microorganisms that can use these two carbon sources is limited, and even fewer can concurrently... |
| Recent Contributions of Mass Spectrometry-Based "Omics" in the Studies of Breast Cancer |
| Mon, 27 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most heterogeneous groups of cancer. As every biotype of BC is unique and presents a particular "omic" signature, they are increasingly characterized nowadays with novel mass spectrometry (MS) strategies. BC therapeutic approaches are primarily based on the two features of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and estrogen receptor (ER) positivity. Various strategic MS implementations are reported in studies of BC also involving data independent... |
| Multi-omics analyses demonstrate the modulating role of gut microbiota on the associations of unbalanced dietary intake with gastrointestinal symptoms in children with autism spectrum disorder |
| Mon, 27 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| Our previous work revealed that unbalanced dietary intake was an important independent factor associated with constipation and gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Growing evidence has shown the alterations in the gut microbiota and gut microbiota-derived metabolites in ASD. However, how the altered microbiota might affect the associations between unbalanced diets and GI symptoms in ASD remains unknown. We analyzed microbiome and metabolomics data in 90... |
| pH Sensitive Quercetin Nanoparticles Ameliorate DSS-Induced Colitis in Mice by Colon-Specific Delivery |
| Mon, 27 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| CONCLUSION: pH sensitive QCT nanoparticles can reduce inflammatory reaction, improve gut microbiota, and repair intestinal barrier by targeting colon, thus improving DSS induced colitis in mice, providing reference for the treatment of colitis. |
| Pathological changes of highly pathogenic Bacillus cereus on Pelodiscus sinensis |
| Mon, 27 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| An outbreak of a disease with a high mortality rate occurred in a Chinese Softshell Turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis) farm in Hubei Province. This study isolated a highly pathogenic Bacillus cereus strain (Y271) from diseased P. sinensis. Y271 has β hemolysis, containing both Hemolysin BL (hblA, hblC, and hblD), Non-hemolytic enterotoxin, NHE (nheA, nheB, and nheC), and Enterotoxin FM (entFM) genes. Y271 is highly pathogenic against P. sinensis with an LD(50) = 6.80 × 10³ CFU/g weight. B. cereus was... |
| Profiling whole-tissue metabolic reprogramming during cutaneous poxvirus infection and clearance |
| Mon, 27 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| Human poxvirus infections have caused significant public health burdens both historically and recently during the unprecedented global Mpox virus outbreak. Although vaccinia virus (VACV) infection of mice is a commonly used model to explore the anti-poxvirus immune response, little is known about the metabolic changes that occur in vivo during infection. We hypothesized that the metabolome of VACV-infected skin would reflect the increased energetic requirements of both virus-infected cells and... |
| Validation of vaginal microbiome proxies for in vitro experiments that biomimic Lactobacillus-dominant vaginal cultures |
| Mon, 27 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| The vaginal microbiome includes diverse microbiota dominated by Lactobacillus [L.] spp. that protect against infections, modulate inflammation, and regulate vaginal homeostasis. Because it is challenging to incorporate vaginal microbiota into in vitro models, including organ-on-a-chip systems, we assessed microbial metabolites as reliable proxies in addition to traditional vaginal epithelial cultures (VECs). Human immortalized VECs cultured on transwells with an air-liquid interface generated... |
| Intestinal Barrier Function and Neurodegenerative Disease |
| Mon, 27 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| Neurodegenerative diseases are caused by the loss of neurons and/or their myelin sheaths, which deteriorate over time and become dysfunctional. Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and multiple sclerosis are among the most prominent neurodegenerative diseases that affect millions of older adults worldwide. Despite extensive research over several decades, controversies still surround the etiology of neurodegenerative diseases, and many of them remain incurable. Meanwhile, an increasing... |
| Strontium ranelate enriched Ruminococcus albus in the gut microbiome of Sprague-Dawley rats with postmenopausal osteoporosis |
| Sun, 26 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| CONCLUSIONS: We discovered that oral SrR can improve bone health while stimulate the accumulation of gut microbe R. albus and metabolites (lycopene and glutaric acid). The results suggested possible connections between oral SrR and the gut-bone axis, which may provide new insight into the treatment/prevention of osteoporosis. |
| The metabolites of light: Untargeted metabolomic approaches bring new clues to understand light-driven acclimation of intertidal mudflat biofilm |
| Sun, 26 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| The microphytobenthos (MPB), a microbial community of primary producers, play a key role in coastal ecosystem functioning, particularly in intertidal mudflats. These mudflats experience challenging variations of irradiance, forcing the micro-organisms to develop photoprotective mechanisms to survive and thrive in this dynamic environment. Two major adaptations to light are well described in literature: the excess of light energy dissipation through non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), and the... |
| Non-traditional approaches for control of antibiotic resistance |
| Sun, 26 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| INTRODUCTION: The drying up of antibiotic pipeline has necessitated the development of alternative therapeutic strategies to control the problem of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) that is expected to kill 10-million people annually by 2050. Newer therapeutic approaches address the shortcomings of traditional small-molecule antibiotics - the lack of specificity, evolvability, and susceptibility to mutation-based resistance. These 'non-traditional' molecules are biologicals having a complex... |
| Parabacteroides distasonis ameliorates insulin resistance via activation of intestinal GPR109a |
| Sat, 25 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| Gut microbiota plays a key role in insulin resistance (IR). Here we perform a case-control study of Chinese adults (ChiCTR2200065715) and identify that Parabacteroides distasonis is inversely correlated with IR. Treatment with P. distasonis improves IR, strengthens intestinal integrity, and reduces systemic inflammation in mice. We further demonstrate that P. distasonis-derived nicotinic acid (NA) is a vital bioactive molecule that fortifies intestinal barrier function via activating intestinal... |
| Multi-omics analysis of hospital-acquired diarrhoeal patients reveals biomarkers of enterococcal proliferation and Clostridioides difficile infection |
| Sat, 25 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| Hospital-acquired diarrhoea (HAD) is common, and often associated with gut microbiota and metabolome dysbiosis following antibiotic administration. Clostridioides difficile is the most significant antibiotic-associated diarrhoeal (AAD) pathogen, but less is known about the microbiota and metabolome associated with AAD and C. difficile infection (CDI) with contrasting antibiotic treatment. We characterised faecal microbiota and metabolome for 169 HAD patients (33 with CDI and 133 non-CDI) to... |
| Clec7a drives gut fungus-mediated host lipid deposition |
| Sat, 25 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| CONCLUSIONS: Taken together, these results indicate that gut fungi/Clec7a signaling is involved in diet-induced obesity and may have therapeutic implications as a biomarker for metabolic dysregulation in humans. Video Abstract. |
| Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma prevents the fluoxetine-induced multiple-drug resistance of Escherichia coli against antibiotics |
| Sat, 25 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report to investigate the MDR-preventing effect of ATR. The results of this study proposed ATR as an excellent herbal product to prevent MDR issues, as induced by fluoxetine, with the potential to reduce the side effects during the drug therapy of depression. |
| Anaerobic pathogens associated with OSA may contribute to pathophysiology via amino-acid depletion |
| Sat, 25 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| BACKGROUND: The human microbiome is linked to multiple metabolic disorders such as obesity and diabetes. Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a common sleep disorder with several metabolic risk factors. We investigated the associations between the gut microbiome composition and function, and measures of OSA severity in participants from a prospective community-based cohort study: the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL). |
| Effects of High-Biotin Sample Interference on Antibody Concentrations in Sandwich Immunoassays |
| Sat, 25 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| The use of antimicrobial growth promoters (AGPs) is banned because of problems associated with drug residues in animal products and increased bacterial resistance. The immunization of chickens with specific antigens is a promising strategy for generating specific antibodies that can target a wide range of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and can be used as an alternative to antibiotics. Immunoglobulin Y (IgY) antibodies in a polyclonal antibody (pAb) format, when administered orally, modulate the... |
| The Interplay of Genital Herpes with Cellular Processes: A Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Perspective |
| Sat, 25 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| Genital herpes, primarily caused by herpes simplex virus-2 (HSV-2), remains a pressing global health concern. Its remarkable ability to intertwine with cellular processes, from harnessing host machinery for replication to subverting antiviral defenses like autophagy and programmed cell death, exemplifies the intricate interplay at the heart of its pathogenesis. While the biomedical community has extensively researched antiviral interventions, the efficiency of these strategies in managing HSV-2... |
| Chemoprophylactic Assessment of Combined Intranasal SARS-CoV-2 Polymerase and Exonuclease Inhibition in Syrian Golden Hamsters |
| Sat, 25 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| Pibrentasvir (PIB) has been demonstrated to block exonuclease activity of the SARS-CoV-2 polymerase, protecting favipiravir (FVP) and remdesivir (RDV) from post-incorporation excision and eliciting antiviral synergy in vitro. The present study investigated the chemoprophylactic efficacy of PIB, FVP, RDV, FVP with PIB, or RDV with PIB dosed intranasally twice a day, using a Syrian golden hamster contact transmission model. Compared to the saline control, viral RNA levels were significantly lower... |
| Bioactive Peptides from Ruditapes philippinarum Attenuate Hypertension and Cardiorenal Damage in Deoxycorticosterone Acetate-Salt Hypertensive Rats |
| Sat, 25 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| Hypertension is a common disease that affects human health and can lead to damage to the heart, kidneys, and other important organs. In this study, we investigated the regulatory effects of bioactive peptides derived from Ruditapes philippinarum (RPP) on hypertension and organ protection in deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt hypertensive rats. We found that RPPs exhibited significant blood pressure-lowering properties. Furthermore, the results showed that RPPs positively influenced vascular... |
| Detrimental Impacts of Pharmaceutical Excipient PEG400 on Gut Microbiota and Metabolome in Healthy Mice |
| Sat, 25 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| Polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400) is a widely used pharmaceutical excipient in the field of medicine. It not only enhances the dispersion stability of the main drug but also facilitates the absorption of multiple drugs. Our previous study found that the long-term application of PEG400 as an adjuvant in traditional Chinese medicine preparations resulted in wasting and weight loss in animals, which aroused our concern. In this study, 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology was used to... |
| Non-Targeted Spectranomics for the Early Detection of Xylella fastidiosa Infection in Asymptomatic Olive Trees, cv. Cellina di Nardò |
| Sat, 25 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| Olive quick decline syndrome (OQDS) is a disease that has been seriously affecting olive trees in southern Italy since around 2009. During the disease, caused by Xylella fastidiosa subsp. pauca sequence type ST53 (Xf), the flow of water and nutrients within the trees is significantly compromised. Initially, infected trees may not show any symptoms, making early detection challenging. In this study, young artificially infected plants of the susceptible cultivar Cellina di Nardò were grown in a... |
| Pueraria thomsonii Radix Water Extract Alleviate Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in db/db Mice through Comprehensive Regulation of Metabolism and Gut Microbiota |
| Sat, 25 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is an increasingly prevalent and serious health problem. Its onset is typically associated with metabolic disorders and disturbances in the gut microbiota. Previous studies have reported the anti-T2DM effects of Pueraria thomsonii Radix as a functional food. However, the mechanism of action is still unknown. In this study, rich polyphenols and polysaccharides from Pueraria Thomsonii Radix water extract (PTR) were quantitatively determined, and then the effects of... |
| A Simple In Vitro Test to Select Stools for Fecal Microbiota Transplantation to Limit Intestinal Carriage of Extensively Drug-Resistant Bacteria |
| Sat, 25 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| Treatment options for multidrug-resistant bacterial infections are limited and often ineffective. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has emerged as a promising therapy for intestinal multidrug-resistant bacterial decolonization. However, clinical results are discrepant. The aim of our pilot study was to evaluate the screening performance of a simple diagnostic tool to select fecal samples that will be effective in decolonizing the intestine. Fecal samples from 10 healthy subjects were... |
| Structure and Metabolic Characteristics of Intestinal Microbiota in Tibetan and Han Populations of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and Associated Influencing Factors |
| Sat, 25 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| Residents of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau might experience shifts in their gut microbiota composition as a result of the plateau environment. For example, high altitudes can increase the abundance of obligate anaerobic bacteria, decrease the number of aerobic bacteria and facultative anaerobic bacteria, increase probiotics, and decrease pathogenic bacteria. This study aimed to determine the structure and metabolic differences in intestinal microbial communities among the Tibetan and Han populations... |
| Integrated Macrogenomics and Metabolomics Explore Alterations and Correlation between Gut Microbiota and Serum Metabolites in Adult Epileptic Patients: A Pilot Study |
| Sat, 25 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| Epilepsy (EP) is a complex brain disorder showing a lot of unknows reasons. Recent studies showed that gut microbiota can influence epilepsy via the brain-gut axis. Nevertheless, the mechanism by which gut microbiota affects adult epilepsy still remains unclear. In this study, fecal and serum samples were obtained from patients with epilepsy and normal controls. Using an integrated analysis, sequencing was performed by macrogenomics and high-throughput targeted metabolomics with various... |
| Aerogels as Carriers for Oral Administration of Drugs: An Approach towards Colonic Delivery |
| Sat, 25 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| Polysaccharide aerogels have emerged as a highly promising technology in the field of oral drug delivery. These nanoporous, ultralight materials, derived from natural polysaccharides such as cellulose, starch, or chitin, have significant potential in colonic drug delivery due to their unique properties. The particular degradability of polysaccharide-based materials by the colonic microbiota makes them attractive to produce systems to load, protect, and release drugs in a controlled manner, with... |
| Chemical Composition and Insulin-Resistance Activity of Arginine-Loaded American Cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Aiton, Ericaceae) Leaf Extracts |
| Sat, 25 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| One of the key pathogenetic links in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the formation of insulin resistance (IR). Besides a wide selection of synthetic antidiabetic drugs, various plant-origin extracts are also available to support the treatment of T2DM. This study aimed to investigate and gain knowledge of the chemical composition and potential IR correction effect of American cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Aiton) leaf extracts and formulate novel 3D-printed oral dosage forms for such... |
| Dynamics and Crosstalk between Gut Microbiota, Metabolome, and Fecal Calprotectin in Very Preterm Infants: Insights into Feeding Intolerance |
| Sat, 25 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| CONCLUSIONS: FI infants demonstrated compromised microbiome-immune interactions, potentially influenced by specific metabolites. This research underscored the importance of early microbial and metabolic development in the pathogenesis of FI in very preterm infants. |
| Dietary Polyphenols-Natural Bioactive Compounds with Potential for Preventing and Treating Some Allergic Conditions |
| Sat, 25 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| In light of the constantly increasing prevalence of allergic diseases, changes in dietary patterns have been suggested as a plausible environmental explanation for the development and progression of these diseases. Nowadays, much attention has been paid to the development of dietary interventions using natural substances with anti-allergy activities. In this respect, dietary polyphenols have been studied extensively as one of the most prominent natural bioactive compounds with well-documented... |
| Chemopreventive Effects of Polysaccharides and Flavonoids from Okra Flowers in Azomethane/Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Murine Colitis-Associated Cancer |
| Sat, 25 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| Okra flowers are a good source of polysaccharides and flavonoids, with biological activities of anti-inflammatory action and modulation of the gut microbiota. Previously, we reported that flavonoid-rich extracts from okra flowers (AFE) presented effective anti-colorectal cancer (CRC) activity in CRC cells as well as xenograft models, but their role in colitis-associated cancer (CAC) is unidentified. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of AFE and APE (polysaccharides extracted from... |
| Sea Cucumber Peptides Ameliorate DSS-Induced Ulcerative Colitis: The Role of the Gut Microbiota, the Intestinal Barrier, and Macrophage Polarization |
| Sat, 25 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| The incidence of ulcerative colitis (UC) is increasing annually. There are few treatments for UC patients, and some drugs have serious side effects. Sea cucumber peptide (SCP) has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and other biological activities, and various sea cucumber species are in pharmaceutical development. However, relevant studies on the effects of SCP on UC progression are still lacking. In this study, a mouse model of acute colitis was induced by 3% dextran sulfate (DSS), and the effect... |
| Gut Microbiota According to the Metabolome |
| Sat, 25 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| The human gut microbiota is an ecosystem harboring trillions of microorganisms, encompassing bacteria, viruses, archaea, fungi, and protozoa [...]. |
| Influence of Lactose Supplementation on Regulation of Streptococcus thermophilus on Gut Microbiota |
| Sat, 25 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| It has been found that Streptococcus thermophilus (S. thermophilus) influenced the gut microbiota and host metabolism with strain specificity in C57BL/6J mice in the previous study, though it remains unclear whether lactose as a dietary factor associated with dairy consumption is involved as the mediator in the interaction. In the present study, integrated analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequencing and untargeted metabolomics by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry of fecal samples in C57BL/6J mice... |
| Microbiota-Accessible Boron-Containing Compounds in Complex Regional Pain Syndrome |
| Sat, 25 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| The microbiota-gut-brain axis has garnered increasing attention in recent years for its role in various health conditions, including neuroinflammatory disorders like complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS). CRPS is a debilitating condition characterized by chronic neuropathic pain, and its etiology and pathophysiology remain elusive. Emerging research suggests that alterations in the gut microbiota composition and function could play a significant role in CRPS development and progression. Our... |
| Protective Effects and Mechanism of Polysaccharides from Edible Medicinal Plants in Alcoholic Liver Injury: A Review |
| Sat, 25 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| Alcohol use accounts for a large variety of diseases, among which alcoholic liver injury (ALI) poses a serious threat to human health. In order to overcome the limitations of chemotherapeutic agents, some natural constituents, especially polysaccharides from edible medicinal plants (PEMPs), have been applied for the prevention and treatment of ALI. In this review, the protective effects of PEMPs on acute, subacute, subchronic, and chronic ALI are summarized. The pathogenesis of alcoholic liver... |
| Maternal Exercise Prior to and during Gestation Induces Sex-Specific Alterations in the Mouse Placenta |
| Sat, 25 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| While exercise (EX) during pregnancy is beneficial for both mother and child, little is known about the mechanisms by which maternal exercise mediates changes in utero. Six-week-old female C57BL/6 mice were divided into two groups: with (exercise, EX; N = 7) or without (sedentary, SED; N = 8) access to voluntary running wheels. EX was provided via 24 h access to wheels for 10 weeks prior to conception until late pregnancy (18.5 days post coitum). Sex-stratified placentas and fetal livers were... |
| Regulation of the Gene for Alanine Racemase Modulates Amino Acid Metabolism with Consequent Alterations in Cell Wall Properties and Adhesive Capability in Brucella spp |
| Sat, 25 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| Brucella, a zoonotic facultative intracellular pathogenic bacterium, poses a significant threat both to human health and to the development of the livestock industry. Alanine racemase (Alr), the enzyme responsible for alanine racemization, plays a pivotal role in regulating virulence in this bacterium. Moreover, Brucella mutants with alr gene deletions (Δalr) exhibit potential as vaccine candidates. However, the mechanisms that underlie the detrimental effects of alr knockouts on Brucella... |
| Seasonal Azithromycin Use in Paediatric Protracted Bacterial Bronchitis Does Not Promote Antimicrobial Resistance but Does Modulate the Nasopharyngeal Microbiome |
| Sat, 25 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| Protracted bacterial bronchitis (PBB) causes chronic wet cough for which seasonal azithromycin is increasingly used to reduce exacerbations. We investigated the impact of seasonal azithromycin on antimicrobial resistance and the nasopharyngeal microbiome. In an observational cohort study, 50 children with PBB were enrolled over two consecutive winters; 25/50 at study entry were designated on clinical grounds to take azithromycin over the winter months and 25/50 were not. Serial nasopharyngeal... |
| Effect of a Flavonoid Combination of Apigenin and Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate on Alleviating Intestinal Inflammation in Experimental Colitis Models |
| Sat, 25 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an autoimmune disease that leads to severe bowel symptoms and complications. Currently, there is no effective treatment, and the exact cause of IBD remains unclear. In the last decades, numerous studies have confirmed that flavonoids can have a positive impact on the treatment of IBD. Therefore, this study investigated the protective effect of a flavonoid combination of apigenin and epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) on IBD. In vitro studies in which Caco-2... |
| Seasonal Variation of Gut Microbial Composition and Metabolism in Tibetan antelopes in Hoh Xil National Nature Reserve |
| Sat, 25 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| The Tibetan antelope is an endangered species suffering from poaching and habitat fragmentation. The intestinal flora and metabolites play a crucial role in the physiological homeostasis of hosts, which are influenced by various environmental factors like seasonal variation. In this particular research, our main goal was to explore the alterations in the metabolism and gut microbiota of Tibetan antelopes between the cold season (XB) and warm season (DA), using untargeted metabolomics and 16S... |
| Partially Alternative Feeding with Fermented Distillers' Grains Modulates Gastrointestinal Flora and Metabolic Profile in Guanling Cattle |
| Sat, 25 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| Fermented distillers' grains (FDG) are commonly used to enhance the health and metabolic processes of livestock and poultry by regulating the composition and activity of the intestinal microbiota. Nevertheless, there is a scarcity of research on the effects of the FDG diet on the gastrointestinal microbiota and its metabolites in cattle. This study examines the impact of FDG dietary supplements on the gastrointestinal flora and metabolic profile of Guanling cattle. Eighteen cattle were randomly... |
| Sweet Orange Juice Processing By-Product Extracts: A Caries Management Alternative to Chlorhexidine |
| Sat, 25 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| Dental caries is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases globally in both children and adults. This study investigated the potential of industrial sweet orange waste extracts (ISOWE) as a substitute for chlorhexidine (CHX) in managing dental caries. First, the cytotoxicity of ISOWE (40, 80, 120 mg/mL) and CHX (0.1 and 0.2%) on buccal epithelial cells was determined. ISOWE exhibited no overall toxicity, whereas CHX strongly affected cell viability. The combination of ISOWE and CHX... |
| Exploring the Role of Active Functional Microbiota in Flavor Generation by Integrated Metatranscriptomics and Metabolomics during Niulanshan Baijiu Fermentation |
| Sat, 25 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| Active functional microbiota for producing volatile flavors is critical to Chinese baijiu fermentation. Microbial communities correlated with the volatile metabolites are generally explored using DNA-based sequencing and metabolic analysis. However, the active functional microbiota related to the volatile flavor compounds is poorly understood. In this study, an integrated metatranscriptomic and metabolomics analysis was employed to unravel the metabolite profiles comprehensively and the... |
| The Potential Preventive and Therapeutic Roles of NSAIDs in Prostate Cancer |
| Sat, 25 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| Prostate cancer (PC) is the second most common type of cancer and the leading cause of death among men worldwide. Preventing the progression of cancer after treatments such as radical prostatectomy, radiation therapy, and hormone therapy is a major concern faced by prostate cancer patients. Inflammation, which can be caused by various factors such as infections, the microbiome, obesity and a high-fat diet, is considered to be the main cause of PC. Inflammatory cells are believed to play a... |
| Unveiling a Biomarker Signature of Meningioma: The Need for a Panel of Genomic, Epigenetic, Proteomic, and RNA Biomarkers to Advance Diagnosis and Prognosis |
| Sat, 25 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| Meningiomas are the most prevalent primary intracranial tumors. The majority are benign but can undergo dedifferentiation into advanced grades classified by World Health Organization (WHO) into Grades 1 to 3. Meningiomas' tremendous variability in tumor behavior and slow growth rates complicate their diagnosis and treatment. A deeper comprehension of the molecular pathways and cellular microenvironment factors implicated in meningioma survival and pathology is needed. This review summarizes the... |
| Gut microbiota in parasite-transmitting gastropods |
| Fri, 24 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| CONCLUSIONS: This review comprehensively summarizes the current knowledge on the composition, potential function, influencing factors, potential applications, limitations, and challenges of gut microbiomes in gastropods, with a specific emphasis on parasite-transmitting gastropods. These findings provide important insights for future studies aiming to understand the potential role of gastropod gut microbiota in controlling snail populations and snail-borne diseases. |
| Plant-derived nanovesicles: harnessing nature's power for tissue protection and repair |
| Fri, 24 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| Tissue damage and aging lead to dysfunction, disfigurement, and trauma, posing significant global challenges. Creating a regenerative microenvironment to resist external stimuli and induce stem cell differentiation is essential. Plant-derived nanovesicles (PDNVs) are naturally bioactive lipid bilayer nanovesicles that contain proteins, lipids, ribonucleic acid, and metabolites. They have shown potential in promoting cell growth, migration, and differentiation into various types of tissues. With... |
| Efficacy of fecal microbiota transplantation in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| Fri, 24 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| CONCLUSION: In patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, FMT treatment can reduce the levels of PBG, TG, HOMA-IR, TC, ALT, and DBP, especially in the combined treatment regimen. In addition, FMT can reshape the intestinal flora and establish the balance of dominant flora. |
| A self-stabilized and water-responsive deliverable coenzyme-based polymer binary elastomer adhesive patch for treating oral ulcer |
| Fri, 24 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| Oral ulcer can be treated with diverse biomaterials loading drugs or cytokines. However, most patients do not benefit from these materials because of poor adhesion, short-time retention in oral cavity and low drug therapeutic efficacy. Here we report a self-stabilized and water-responsive deliverable coenzyme salt polymer poly(sodium α-lipoate) (PolyLA-Na)/coenzyme polymer poly(α-lipoic acid) (PolyLA) binary synergistic elastomer adhesive patch, where hydrogen bonding cross-links between PolyLA... |
| Global pathogenomic analysis identifies known and candidate genetic antimicrobial resistance determinants in twelve species |
| Fri, 24 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| Surveillance programs for managing antimicrobial resistance (AMR) have yielded thousands of genomes suited for data-driven mechanism discovery. We present a workflow integrating pangenomics, gene annotation, and machine learning to identify AMR genes at scale. When applied to 12 species, 27,155 genomes, and 69 drugs, we 1) find AMR gene transfer mostly confined within related species, with 925 genes in multiple species but just eight in multiple phylogenetic classes, 2) demonstrate that... |
| Polysaccharides derived from natural edible and medicinal sources as agents targeting exercise-induced fatigue: A review |
| Fri, 24 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| Exercise-induced fatigue (EF) is a common occurrence during prolonged endurance and excessive exercise and is mainly caused by energy depletion, harmful metabolite accumulation, oxidative stress, and inflammation. EF usually leads to a reduction in initiating or maintaining spontaneous activities and muscle performance and ultimately results in a decrease in the quality of life of people who engage in physical work. Therefore, the interest in investigating EF-targeting agents with minimal side... |
| Urolithin A conjugation with NSAIDs inhibits its glucuronidation and maintains improvement of Caco-2 monolayers' barrier function |
| Fri, 24 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| Urolithin A (UA) is an ellagitannin-derived postbiotic metabolite which emerged as a promising health-boosting agent, promoting mitophagy, improving skeletal muscle function, and suppressing the inflammatory response. However, phase II intestinal metabolism severely limits its biopotency, leading to the formation of nonactive glucuronides. To address this constraint, a set of new UA derivatives (UADs), conjugated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), was synthesized. The... |
| Using metabolomics to understand stress responses in Lactic Acid Bacteria and their applications in the food industry |
| Fri, 24 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| BACKGROUND: Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) are commonly used as starter cultures, probiotics, to produce lactic acid and other useful compounds, and even as natural preservatives. For use in any food product however, LAB need to survive the various stresses they encounter in the environment and during processing. Understanding these mechanisms may enable direction of LAB biochemistry with potential beneficial impact for the food industry. |
| Metabolomics and Microbiomics Insights into Differential Surface Fouling of Three Macroalgal Species of Fucus (Fucales, Phaeophyceae) That Co-Exist in the German Baltic Sea |
| Fri, 24 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| The brown algal genus Fucus provides essential ecosystem services crucial for marine environments. Macroalgae (seaweeds) release dissolved organic matter, hence, are under strong settlement pressure from micro- and macrofoulers. Seaweeds are able to control surface epibionts directly by releasing antimicrobial compounds onto their surfaces, and indirectly by recruiting beneficial microorganisms that produce antimicrobial/antifouling metabolites. In the Kiel Fjord, in the German Baltic Sea, three... |
| Metabolic Profiling, Antiviral Activity and the Microbiome of Some Mauritian Soft Corals |
| Fri, 24 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| Soft corals, recognized as sessile marine invertebrates, rely mainly on chemical, rather than physical defense, by secreting intricate secondary metabolites with plausible pharmaceutical implication. Their ecological niche encompasses a diverse community of symbiotic microorganisms which potentially contribute to the biosynthesis of these bioactive metabolites. The emergence of new viruses and heightened viral resistance underscores the urgency to explore novel pharmacological reservoirs. Thus,... |
| The Gut Microbiome from a Biomarker to a Novel Therapeutic Strategy for Immunotherapy Response in Patients with Lung Cancer |
| Fri, 24 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| The gastrointestinal microbiome has been shown to play a key role in determining the responses to cancer immunotherapy, including immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy and CAR-T. In patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), increasing evidence suggests that a microbiome composition signature is associated with clinical response to ICIs as well as with the development of immune-related adverse events. In support of this, antibiotic (ATB)-related dysbiosis has been consistently linked... |
| Polyelectrolyte-Complex-Based Hydrogel Inserts for Vaginal Delivery of Posaconazole and Probiotics |
| Fri, 24 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| Worldwide, 40 to 50% of women suffer from reproductive tract infections. Most of these infections are mixed infections, are recurrent and difficult to treat with antimicrobials or antifungals alone. For symptomatic relief of infections, oral antimicrobial therapy must be combined with topical therapy. The purpose of this work is to optimize and develop a polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) of chitosan/anion for the formulation of posaconazole- and probiotic-loaded vaginal hydrogel inserts with... |
| Comparative Study on the Antimicrobial Activities and Metabolic Profiles of Five Usnea Species from the Philippines |
| Fri, 24 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| The rapid emergence of resistant bacteria is occurring worldwide, endangering the efficacy of antibiotics. Hence, there is a need to search for new sources of antibiotics that either exhibit novel structures or express a new mechanism of action. The lichen Usnea, with its wide range of unique, biologically potent secondary metabolites, may solve this problem. In this study, Usnea species were collected in the Northern Philippines, identified through combined morphological and biochemical... |
| Terminalia petiolaris A.Cunn ex Benth. Extracts Have Antibacterial Activity and Potentiate Conventional Antibiotics against β-Lactam-Drug-Resistant Bacteria |
| Fri, 24 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| Terminalia petiolaris A. Cunn. Ex Benth. (genus: Terminalia, family: Combretaceae) is native to Australia. Terminalia spp. have traditionally been used to treat various ailments, including bacterial infections. Solvents of varying polarity were used to extract compounds from leaves of this species, and the extracts were tested against a panel of bacteria, including antibiotic-resistant strains. The methanolic and water extracts showed substantial inhibitory activity against several bacteria,... |
| Protective Effect of Procyanidin-Rich Grape Seed Extract against Gram-Negative Virulence Factors |
| Fri, 24 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| Biofilm formation and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) are implicated in the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal (GI) diseases caused by Gram-negative bacteria. Grape seeds, wine industry by-products, have antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. In the present study, the protective effect of procyanidin-rich grape seed extract (prGSE), from unfermented pomace of Vitis vinifera L. cv Bellone, on bacterial LPS-induced oxidative stress and epithelial barrier integrity damage has been studied in a model of... |
| Effects of gut microbiome and obesity on the development, progression and prevention of cancer (Review) |
| Fri, 24 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide and it is estimated that the mortality rate of cancer will increase in the coming years. The etiology of the development and progression of cancer is multifactorial. Insights have been gained on the association between the human microbiome and tumor cell malignancy. A number of commensal microbe species are present in the human gut. They serve pivotal roles in maintaining several health and disease conditions, such as inflammatory bowel... |
| Monitoring Phenotype Heterogeneity at the Single-Cell Level within Bacillus Populations Producing Poly-3-hydroxybutyrate by Label-Free Super-resolution Infrared Imaging |
| Fri, 24 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| Phenotypic heterogeneity is commonly found among bacterial cells within microbial populations due to intrinsic factors as well as equipping the organisms to respond to external perturbations. The emergence of phenotypic heterogeneity in bacterial populations, particularly in the context of using these bacteria as microbial cell factories, is a major concern for industrial bioprocessing applications. This is due to the potential impact on overall productivity by allowing the growth of... |
| Multi-omics analysis reveals the molecular response to heat stress in a "red tide" dinoflagellate |
| Fri, 24 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| CONCLUSIONS: Our multi-omics analyses uncover the molecular response to heat stress in an important bloom-forming algal species, which is driven by complex gene structures in a large, high-G+C genome, combined with multi-level transcriptional regulation. The dynamics and interplay of molecular regulatory mechanisms may explain in part how dinoflagellates diversified to become some of the most ecologically successful organisms on Earth. |
| Modulation of GABA by sodium butyrate ameliorates hypothalamic inflammation in experimental model of PCOS |
| Thu, 23 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a known endocrine disorder that has affected many women of childbearing age, and is accompanied by various neurodegenerative conditions. Hence, this study investigates the impact of butyrate in reversing hypothalamic-related disorder, possibly through γ aminobutyric acid (GABA) in a rat model of PCOS. Eight-week-old female Wistar rats were allotted into four groups (n = 5), which include control, butyrate, letrozole, and letrozole + butyrate groups. PCOS was... |
| Mechanism of Cr(VI) removal by efficient Cr(VI)-resistant Bacillus mobilis CR3 |
| Thu, 23 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| Cr(VI) is a hazardous environmental pollutant that poses significant risks to ecosystems and human health. We successfully isolated a novel strain of Bacillus mobilis, strain CR3, from Cr(VI)-contaminated soil. Strain CR3 showed 86.70% removal capacity at 200 mg/L Cr(VI), and a good Cr(VI) removal capacity at different pH, temperature, coexisting ions, and electron donor conditions. Different concentrations of Cr(VI) affected the activity of CR3 cells and the removal rate of Cr(VI), and... |
| Temporal evolution reveals bifurcated lineages in aggressive neuroendocrine small cell prostate cancer trans-differentiation |
| Thu, 23 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| Trans-differentiation from an adenocarcinoma to a small cell neuroendocrine state is associated with therapy resistance in multiple cancer types. To gain insight into the underlying molecular events of the trans-differentiation, we perform a multi-omics time course analysis of a pan-small cell neuroendocrine cancer model (termed PARCB), a forward genetic transformation using human prostate basal cells and identify a shared developmental, arc-like, and entropy-high trajectory among all... |
| Guardians of Rest? Investigating the gut microbiota in central hypersomnolence disorders |
| Thu, 23 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| In recent years, there has been an increased interest in elucidating the influence of the gut microbiota on sleep physiology. The gut microbiota affects the central nervous system by modulating neuronal pathways through the neuroendocrine and immune system, the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis, and various metabolic pathways. The gut microbiota can also influence circadian rhythms. In this study, we observed the gut microbiota composition of patients suffering from narcolepsy type 1,... |
| P. mirabilis-derived pore-forming haemolysin, HpmA drives intestinal alpha-synuclein aggregation in a mouse model of neurodegeneration |
| Thu, 23 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| BACKGROUND: Recent studies suggesting the importance of the gut-microbiome in intestinal aggregated alpha synuclein (α-syn) have led to the exploration of the possible role of the gut-brain axis in central nervous system degeneration. Proteus mirabilis (P. mirabilis), a gram-negative facultative anaerobic bacterium, has been linked to brain neurodegeneration in animal studies. We hypothesised that P. mirabilis-derived virulence factors aggregate intestinal α-synuclein and could prompt the... |
| PLM-ARG: antibiotic resistance gene identification using a pretrained protein language model |
| Thu, 23 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| MOTIVATION: Antibiotic resistance presents a formidable global challenge to public health and the environment. While considerable endeavors have been dedicated to identify antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) for assessing the threat of antibiotic resistance, recent extensive investigations using metagenomic and metatranscriptomic approaches have unveiled a noteworthy concern. A significant fraction of proteins defies annotation through conventional sequence similarity-based methods, an issue that... |
| Lack of antiviral activity of probenecid in vitro and in Syrian golden hamsters |
| Thu, 23 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| CONCLUSIONS: These data do not support probenecid as a SARS-CoV-2 antiviral drug. |
| Unraveling the Role of Prickly Pear Extract as a Potent Nutraceutical Agent Against Metabolic Syndromes |
| Thu, 23 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| CONCLUSION: Further research and clinical investigations are warranted to unlock the full potential of Opuntia in the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases. |
| Omics sciences and precision medicine in sarcoma |
| Thu, 23 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| CONCLUSION: Future advancements in omics sciences for sarcoma are on the cutting-edge of defining precision treatment plans and improved resilience of sarcoma patients. |
| Omics sciences and precision medicine in kidney cancer |
| Thu, 23 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| In the last decade, renal carcinoma has become more prevalent in European and North American regions. Kidney tumors are usually categorized based on histological features, with renal cell carcinoma being the most common subtype in adults. Despite conventional diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, a rise in cancer incidence and recurrence necessitates a fresh approach to diagnosing and treating kidney cancer. This review focuses on novel multi-omics approaches, such as genomics, transcriptomics,... |
| Understanding the quality and safety of food production through the lens of The Microbiome of The Built Environment |
| Thu, 23 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| The Microbiome of the Built Environment (MoBE) is profoundly implicated in various sectors, including food science. The balance between beneficial and pathogenic microbes in these facilities directly influences product quality and public health. Maintaining a careful check on MoBE and external microbes is vital to the food industry to ensure quality control. There is also a risk of contamination in meat processing facility as well. However, over-sanitization can increase drug-resistant microbes,... |
| Gut microbiomes of cycad-feeding insects tolerant to β-methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA) are rich in siderophore biosynthesis |
| Wed, 22 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| Ingestion of the cycad toxins β-methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA) and azoxyglycosides is harmful to diverse organisms. However, some insects are specialized to feed on toxin-rich cycads with apparent immunity. Some cycad-feeding insects possess a common set of gut bacteria, which might play a role in detoxifying cycad toxins. Here, we investigated the composition of gut microbiota from a worldwide sample of cycadivorous insects and characterized the biosynthetic potential of selected bacteria.... |
| Post-Finasteride Syndrome And Post-Ssri Sexual Dysfunction: Two Clinical Conditions Apparently Distant, But Very Close |
| Wed, 22 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| Post-finasteride syndrome and post-SSRI sexual dysfunction, are two poorly explored clinical conditions in which men treated for androgenetic alopecia with finasteride or for depression with SSRI antidepressants show persistent side effects despite drug suspension (e.g., sexual dysfunction, psychological complaints, sleep disorders). Because of some similarities in the symptoms, common pathological mechanisms are proposed here. Indeed, as discussed, clinical studies and preclinical data obtained... |
| Modifying effects of 2,4-D and Glyphosate exposures on gut-liver-adipose tissue axis of diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in mice |
| Wed, 22 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which is linked to western diet (WD) intake, affects 30% of the world's population and involves the crosstalk of liver steatosis, hypertrophy/inflammation of adipose tissue and deregulation of gut microbiome. Glyphosate and 2,4-D are some of the most applied herbicides worldwide, and their roles in NAFLD have not been investigated. Thus, the present study evaluated whether glyphosate and 2,4-D, in single or mixed exposure, alter WD-induced NAFLD in a... |
| Multi-omics data reveals aberrant gut microbiota-host glycerophospholipid metabolism in association with neuroinflammation in APP/PS1 mice |
| Wed, 22 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| Numerous studies have described the notable impact of gut microbiota on the brain in Alzheimer's disease (AD) via the gut - brain axis. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the involvement of gut microbiota in the development of AD are limited. This study aimed to explore the potential mechanisms of gut microbiota in AD by integrating multi-omics data. In this study, APP/PS1 and WT mice at nine months of age were used as study mouse model. Cognitive function was assessed using the Morris... |
| Medication impact on oral health in schizophrenia |
| Wed, 22 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| CONCLUSIONS: Literature clearly shows higher caries and periodontal disease in schizophrenic patients. However, overall, there is scarce literature about the potential influence of drugs in these disorders. Health professionals should be aware of this issue in order to implement adequate preventive measures in this vulnerable population. |
| COMPARISON OF THE IMPACT OF ANTISEPTIC AGENTS ON GARDNERELLA VAGINALIS AND ATOPOBIUM VAGINAE DETECTED IN THE ORAL CAVITY OF WOMEN WITH BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS |
| Wed, 22 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| When women with comorbid bacterial vaginosis visit periodontologist, it is essential to understand the presence of cross-infection processes between the oral cavity and vagina in this particular category of subjects. Conducting detection of Gardnerella vaginalis and Atopobium vaginae, which are provocative microbial factors for bacterial vaginosis, is a mandatory step in the laboratory examination of subjects. When choosing an antiseptic for oral cavity disinfection, the use of 0.25% dequalinium... |
| Linking genotypic and phenotypic changes in the E. coli long-term evolution experiment using metabolomics |
| Wed, 22 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| Changes in an organism's environment, genome, or gene expression patterns can lead to changes in its metabolism. The metabolic phenotype can be under selection and contributes to adaptation. However, the networked and convoluted nature of an organism's metabolism makes relating mutations, metabolic changes, and effects on fitness challenging. To overcome this challenge, we use the long-term evolution experiment (LTEE) with E. coli as a model to understand how mutations can eventually affect... |
| Sintilimab plus fluorouracil, leucovorin, oxaliplatin and docetaxel regimen as neoadjuvant therapy for resectable gastric cancer and biomarker exploration |
| Wed, 22 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| At present, preoperative chemotherapy is the standard of care for the neoadjuvant treatment of potentially resectable gastric cancer (GC). However, because the efficacy and prognosis are not ideal, curative effects for this population are unsatisfactory. With the development of immune checkpoint inhibitors, the results of a few encouraging early trials of immunotherapeutic agents as neoadjuvant therapies for resectable GC have been reported. However, markers of the efficacy of immune checkpoint... |
| Metabolomic and microbiome analysis of the protective effects of Puerarin against Salmonella Enteritidis Infection in chicks |
| Wed, 22 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, Puerarin can improve growth performance in chicks, suppress the inflammatory response in vivo, enhance immunity, and regulate lipid and amino acid metabolism and the intestinal flora. |
| Sulphides from garlic essential oil dose-dependently change the distribution of glycerophospholipids and induce N6-tuberculosinyladenosine formation in mycobacterial cells |
| Wed, 22 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| The antimicrobial properties of garlic are widely known, and numerous studies confirmed its ability to inhibit the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In this work, we explored the molecular mechanism of action of sulphides present in garlic essential oil against mycobacteria. The targeted transcriptomics and untargeted LC-MS metabolomics were applied to study dose- and time-dependent metabolic changes in bacterial cells under the influence of stressing agent. Expression profiles of genes... |
| 3,4-dimethoxychalcone induces autophagy and reduces neointimal hyperplasia and aortic lesions in mouse models of atherosclerosis |
| Tue, 21 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| Autophagy inducers can prevent cardiovascular aging and age-associated diseases including atherosclerosis. Therefore, we hypothesized that autophagy-inducing compounds that act on atherosclerosis-relevant cells might have a protective role in the development of atherosclerosis. Here we identified 3,4-dimethoxychalcone (3,4-DC) as an inducer of autophagy in several cell lines from endothelial, myocardial and myeloid/macrophagic origin, as demonstrated by the aggregation of the autophagosome... |
| Maternal serum levels of prokineticin-1 related to pregnancy complications and metformin use in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a post hoc analysis of two prospective, randomised, placebo-controlled trials |
| Tue, 21 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| CONCLUSIONS: Maternal s-PROK1 in the second trimester did not predict pregnancy complications in PCOS. Those who used metformin at conception and/or during pregnancy had lower s-PROK1. PCOS women with hyperandrogenism exhibited lower s-PROK1 compared with normo-adrogenic phenotypes. |
| High-Throughput f-LAESI-IMS-MS for Mapping Biological Nitrogen Fixation One Cell at a Time |
| Tue, 21 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| For the characterization of the metabolic heterogeneity of cell populations, high-throughput single-cell analysis platforms are needed. In this study, we utilized mass spectrometry (MS) enhanced with ion mobility separation (IMS) and coupled with an automated sampling platform, fiber-based laser ablation electrospray ionization (f-LAESI), for in situ high-throughput single-cell metabolomics in soybean (Glycine max) root nodules. By fully automating the in situ sampling platform, an overall... |
| Comparison of carbapenem-susceptible and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales at nine sites in the USA, 2013-2016: a resource for antimicrobial resistance investigators |
| Tue, 21 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) are an urgent public health threat. Genomic sequencing is an important tool for investigating CRE. Through the Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion Sentinel Surveillance system, we collected CRE and carbapenem-susceptible Enterobacterales (CSE) from nine clinical laboratories in the USA from 2013 to 2016 and analysed both phenotypic and genomic sequencing data for 680 isolates. We describe the molecular epidemiology and antimicrobial susceptibility... |
| An Open-Label Case Series of Glutathione Use for Symptomatic Management in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder |
| Tue, 21 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a type of neurodevelopmental disorder that has been diagnosed in an increasing number of children around the world. The existing data suggest that early diagnosis and intervention can improve ASD outcomes. The causes of ASD remain complex and unclear, and there are currently no clinical biomarkers for autism spectrum disorder. There is an increasing recognition that ASD might be associated with oxidative stress through several mechanisms including abnormal... |
| Bioavailability of bioactive compounds in Hibiscus sabdariffa beverage as a potential anti-inflammatory |
| Tue, 21 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| The absorption and metabolism of bioactive compounds (BCs) in a Hibiscus sabdariffa drink (HbD) were evaluated by the in vivo bioavailability of organic acids (OA) and phenolic compounds (PC's). An acute single-blind clinical study in humans was conducted. Twelve volunteers consumed a HbD and a control drink (CD). Urine and plasma samples were taken after consuming both beverages. OA and PC's of the beverages (HbD and CD) and the biological samples (urine and plasma) were characterized by... |
| Indole-3-carbinol and chlorogenic acid combination modulates gut microbiome and attenuates nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in a murine model |
| Tue, 21 Nov 2023 06:00:00 -0500 |
| Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease worldwide, affecting almost 32% of the population and ranging from simple steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Recent findings indicate that the fast-growing prevalence of NAFLD might be linked to adherence to a Westernized diet (WD), mostly composed of fat/sugar-enriched foods. The WD has been reportedly targeted as a potential driver of gut-liver axis unbalance, suggesting a major role in NASH. On... |
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