| Hypoxic-Ischemic Insult Alters Polyamine and Neurotransmitter Abundance in the Specific Neonatal Rat Brain Subregions |
| Fri, 26 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain insult is a major cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity. To assess the underlying pathological mechanisms, we mapped the spatiotemporal changes in polyamine, amino acid, and neurotransmitter levels, following HI insult (by the Rice-Vannucci method) in the brains of seven-day-old rat pups. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging of chemically modified small-molecule metabolites by... |
| Immunotherapy for renal cell carcinoma: New therapeutic combinations and adverse event management strategies: A review |
| Fri, 26 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) combinations, as well as ICIs combined with tyrosine kinase inhibitors, have considerable potential for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) treatment. Newer targeted medications, gut microbiome, nanomedicines, and cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors demonstrate significant potential in preventing side effects and resistance associated with RCC treatment. Most patients, including those demonstrating long-term treatment effects, eventually demonstrate cancer... |
| Artificial mucus layer formed in response to ROS for the oral treatment of inflammatory bowel disease |
| Fri, 26 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| The artificial mucus layer, such as hydrogels, used to repair the damaged intestinal barrier, is a promising treatment for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, the currently reported hydrogel-based artificial barriers are administered via rectal injection, causing unnecessary discomfort to patients. Herein, we report an oral hydrogel precursor solution based on thiol-modified hyaluronic acid (HASH). Owing to the reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive gelling behavior, our precursor... |
| Integrated Proteomics and Metabolomics Reveal Altered Metabolic Regulation of Xanthobacter autotrophicus under Electrochemical Water-Splitting Conditions |
| Fri, 26 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Biological-inorganic hybrid systems are a growing class of technologies that combine microorganisms with materials for a variety of purposes, including chemical synthesis, environmental remediation, and energy generation. These systems typically consider microorganisms as simple catalysts for the reaction of interest; however, other metabolic activity is likely to have a large influence on the system performance. The investigation of biological responses to the hybrid environment is thus... |
| Effectiveness of vaginal probiotics Lactobacillus crispatus chen-01 in women with high-risk HPV infection: a prospective controlled pilot study |
| Fri, 26 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Female genital tract infection with high-risk human papilloma virus (HR-HPV) has the risk of developing into cervical cancer, and there is still a lack of effective therapeutic strategies. Probiotic intervention is considered as a potential intervention for HR-HPV, while exploration into living probiotic preparations for specific diseases remains limited and insufficient. This prospective controlled pilot study was conducted to observe the effect of intravaginal transplantation of a vaginal... |
| Molecular mechanisms of temperature tolerance plasticity in an arthropod |
| Fri, 26 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| How species thrive in a wide range of environments is a major focus of evolutionary biology. For many species, limited genetic diversity or gene flow among habitats means that phenotypic plasticity must play an important role in their capacity to tolerate environmental heterogeneity and to colonize new habitats. However, we have a limited understanding of the molecular components that govern plasticity in ecologically relevant phenotypes. We examined this hypothesis in a spider species... |
| Time-Resolved Evaluation of L-Dopa Metabolism in Bacteria-Host Symbiotic System and the Effect on Parkinson's Molecular Pathology |
| Fri, 26 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| The gut microbiome influences drug metabolism and therapeutic efficacy. Still, the lack of a general label-free approach for monitoring bacterial or host metabolic contribution hampers deeper insights. Here, a 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) approach is introduced that enables real-time monitoring of the metabolism of Levodopa (L-dopa), an anti-Parkinson drug, in both live bacteria and bacteria-host (Caenorhabditis elegans) symbiotic systems. The quantitative method reveals that discrete... |
| 7-Phenylheptanoic Acid-Hydroxypropyl β-Cyclodextrin Complex Slows the Progression of Renal Failure in Adenine-Induced Chronic Kidney Disease Mice |
| Fri, 26 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| The characteristic accumulation of circulating uremic toxins, such as indoxyl sulfate (IS), in chronic kidney disease (CKD) further exacerbates the disease progression. The gut microbiota, particularly gut bacterial-specific enzymes, represents a selective and attractive target for suppressing uremic toxin production and slowing the progression of renal failure. This study investigates the role of 4-phenylbutyrate (PB) and structurally related compounds, which are speculated to possess... |
| Three Ecological Models to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Trichoderma spp. for Suppressing Aflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus |
| Fri, 26 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Chemical pesticides help reduce crop loss during production and storage. However, the carbon footprints and ecological costs associated with this strategy are unsustainable. Here, we used three in vitro models to characterize how different Trichoderma species interact with two aflatoxin producers, Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus, to help develop a climate-resilient biological control strategy against aflatoxigenic Aspergillus species. The growth rate of Trichoderma species is a... |
| First Report on Mycotoxin Contamination of Hops (Humulus lupulus L.) |
| Fri, 26 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| The presence of mycotoxins and other toxic metabolites in hops (Humulus lupulus L.) was assessed for the first time. In total, 62 hop samples were sampled in craft breweries, and analyzed by a multi-toxin LS-MS/MS method. The study collected samples from craft breweries in all of the Croatian counties and statistically compared the results. Based on previous reports on Alternaria spp. and Fusarium spp. contamination of hops, the study confirmed the contamination of hops with these toxins.... |
| Alteration of Fecal Microbiota, Fecal Metabolites, and Serum Metabolites in Dairy Cows with Pre-Retained Placenta |
| Fri, 26 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Retained placenta (RP) affects lactation and fertility in dairy cows and causes economic losses to the dairy industry. Therefore, screening for early warning of this disease is important. This study used multi omics techniques to reveal the metabolic differences of dairy cows before RP onset and to find potential warning markers. Fecal samples and serum samples of 90 healthy Holstein cows were collected 7 days pre-calving; 10 healthy and 10 RP cows were enrolled according to normal expulsion of... |
| Early Metabolomic and Immunologic Biomarkers as Prognostic Indicators for COVID-19 |
| Fri, 26 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| This prospective study in Hong Kong aimed at identifying prognostic metabolomic and immunologic biomarkers for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). We examined 327 patients, mean age 55 (19-89) years, in whom 33.6% were infected with Omicron and 66.4% were infected with earlier variants. The effect size of disease severity on metabolome outweighed others including age, gender, peak C-reactive protein (CRP), vitamin D and peak viral levels. Sixty-five metabolites demonstrated strong associations... |
| Metabolic and Lipid Biomarkers for Pathogenic Algae, Fungi, Cyanobacteria, Mycobacteria, Gram-Positive Bacteria, and Gram-Negative Bacteria |
| Fri, 26 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| The utilization of metabolomics and lipidomics analytical platforms in the study of pathogenic microbes is slowly expanding. These research approaches will significantly contribute to the establishment of microbial metabolite and lipid databases of significant value to all researchers in microbiology. In this review, we present a high-level overview of some examples of biomarkers that can be used to detect the presence of microbes, monitor the expansion/decline of a microbe population, and add... |
| Integrated In Vivo and In Vitro Evaluation of a Powder-to-Hydrogel, Film-Forming Polymer Complex Base with Tissue-Protective and Microbiome-Supportive Properties |
| Fri, 26 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| The study aimed to perform a comprehensive in vitro and in vivo evaluation of a newly developed, patent-pending, powder-to-hydrogel, film-forming polymer complex base, which possesses tissue-protective and microbiome-supportive properties, and to compare its characteristics with poloxamer 407. The study used a combination of in vitro assays, including tissue viability and cell migration, and in vivo wound healing evaluations in male diabetic mice. Microbiome dynamics at wound sites were also... |
| Streptomyces-Fungus Co-Culture Enhances the Production of Borrelidin and Analogs: A Genomic and Metabolomic Approach |
| Fri, 26 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| The marine Streptomyces harbor numerous biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) with exploitable potential. However, many secondary metabolites cannot be produced under laboratory conditions. Co-culture strategies of marine microorganisms have yielded novel natural products with diverse biological activities. In this study, we explored the metabolic profiles of co-cultures involving Streptomyces sp. 2-85 and Cladosporium sp. 3-22-derived from marine sponges. Combining Global Natural Products Social... |
| Redox and Energy Homeostasis Enabled by Photocatalytic Material-Microbial Interfaces |
| Fri, 26 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Material-microbial interfaces offer a promising future in sustainable and efficient chemical-energy conversions, yet the impacts of these artificial interfaces on microbial metabolisms remain unclear. Here, we conducted detailed proteomic and metabolomic analyses to study the regulations of microbial metabolism induced by the photocatalytic material-microbial interfaces, especially the intracellular redox and energy homeostasis, which are vital for sustaining cell activity. First, we learned... |
| A high-fat diet induced depression-like phenotype via hypocretin-HCRTR1 mediated inflammation activation |
| Fri, 26 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Background: A high-fat diet (HFD) is generally associated with an increased risk of mental disorders that constitute a sizeable worldwide health. A HFD results in the gut microbiota-brain axis being altered and linked to mental disorders. Hypocretin-1, which can promote appetite, has been previously confirmed to be associated with depression. However, no exact relationship has been found for hypocretin between depression and HFDs. Methods: Adult male SD rats were randomly assigned to either a... |
| Intratumoral Microbiota as a Target for Advanced Cancer Therapeutics |
| Fri, 26 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| In recent years, advancements in microbial sequencing technology have sparked an increasing interest in the bacteria residing within solid tumors and its distribution and functions in various tumors. Intratumoral bacteria critically modulate tumor oncogenesis and development through DNA damage induction, chronic inflammation, epigenetic alterations, and metabolic and immune regulation, while also influencing cancer treatment efficacy by affecting drug metabolism. In response to these... |
| Molecular subtypes of colorectal cancer in the era of precision oncotherapy: Current inspirations and future challenges |
| Fri, 26 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| CONCLUSION: In recent years, exploration of subtypes through cell lines, animal models, patient-derived xenografts (PDXs), organoids, and clinical trials contributes to refining biological insights and unraveling subtype-specific therapies in CRC. Therapeutic interventions including nanotechnology, clustered regulatory interspaced short palindromic repeat/CRISPR-associated nuclease 9 (CRISPR/Cas9), gut microbiome, and liquid biopsy are powerful tools with the possibility to shift the immunologic... |
| Gut microbiota affects the activation of STING pathway and thus participates in the progression of colorectal cancer |
| Thu, 25 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| CONCLUSION: Gut microbiota participates in CRC progress by mediating STING pathway activation. |
| Exploring the genomic traits of infant-associated microbiota members from a Zimbabwean cohort |
| Thu, 25 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| CONCLUSION: This study identified promising probiotic strains within Zimbabwean isolates, offering the potential for early-life diet and microbial therapies. However, the presence of antibiotic resistance genes in infant-associated microbes raises concerns for infection risk and next-stage probiotic development. Further investigation in larger cohorts, particularly in regions with limited existing data on antibiotic and probiotic use, is crucial to validate these initial insights. |
| The brain-protective mechanism of fecal microbiota transplantation from young donor mice in the natural aging process via exosome, gut microbiota, and metabolomics analyses |
| Thu, 25 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| The natural aging process is accompanied by changes in exosomes, gut microbiota, and metabolites. This study aimed to reveal the anti-aging effect and mechanisms of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from young donors on the natural aging process in mice by analyzing exosomes, gut microbiota, and metabolomics. Aging-relevant telomeric length, oxidative stress indexes in brain tissue, and serum cytokine levels were measured. Flow analysis of T-regulatory (Treg), CD4^(+), and CD8^(+) cells was... |
| Sub-chronically exposing zebrafish to environmental levels of methomyl induces dysbiosis and dysfunction of the gut microbiota |
| Thu, 25 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| The widespread use of carbamate pesticides has led to numerous environmental and health concerns, including water contamination and perturbation of endocrine homeostasis among organisms. However, there remains a paucity of research elucidating the specific effects of methomyl on gut microbial composition and physiological functions. This study aimed to investigate the intricate relationship between changes in zebrafish bacterial communities and intestinal function after 56 days of sub-chronic... |
| Exploring the protective role of Bacillus velezensis BV1704-Y in zebrafish health and disease resistance against Aeromonas hydrophila infection |
| Thu, 25 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Bacillus genus, particularly Bacillus velezensis, is increasingly considered as viable alternatives to antibiotics in aquaculture due to their safety and probiotic potential. However, the specific mechanisms through which probiotic B. velezensis confers protection against Aeromonas hydrophila infection in fish remain poorly understood. This study delved into the multifaceted impacts of B. velezensis BV1704-Y on diverse facets of zebrafish health, including gut barrier function, immune response,... |
| Organic matter composition fluctuations disrupt free-living bacterial communities more than particle-associated bacterial communities in coastal waters |
| Thu, 25 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Marine organic matter fuels the growth of microbial communities, shaping the composition of bacteria that specialize in its breakdown. However, responses of free-living (FL) and particle-associated (PA) bacterial communities to the changing pools of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and particulate organic matter (POM) remained unclear. This study investigates the composition of size-fractionated bacterial communities, DOM and POM in coastal waters over a 22-day period that includes a diatom bloom.... |
| Comprehensive insights into the organoleptic characteristics attributes of "HuangYuXiang": Integration of volatilomics, sensomics, macrogenomics, lipidomics, and metabolomics |
| Thu, 25 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| HuangYuXiang (HYX) is a colorful and flavorful traditional cuisine in China, which development of organoleptic attributes is a complex process. Flavor sensory attributes was explored through volatilomics, sensomics, macrogenomics, lipidomics, and metabolomics in seven HYXs. Group B demonstrated the highest sensory scores. A total of 41 volatiles were detected, of which 7 were identified as key volatiles. Caulobacteraceae sp., Psychrobacter faecalis, Ralstonia pickettii, Carnobacterium divergens,... |
| Escape Velocity-the Launch of Microbiome Therapies |
| Thu, 25 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Food and Drug Administration approval of the first microbiome therapies represents a true expansion the treatment paradigm for Clostridioides difficile but raises new questions about the future role of fecal microbiota transplantation. The authors outline the advances in microbiome therapeutic development that have addressed fecal microbiota transplantation's (FMT's) inherent limitations of safety and scalability. The authors also suggest that as microbiome therapeutic development continues for... |
| Minimal Impact on the Resistome of Children in Botswana After Azithromycin Treatment for Acute Severe Diarrheal Disease |
| Thu, 25 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| CONCLUSIONS: Azithromycin treatment for bacterial diarrhea for young children in Botswana resulted in similar effects on the gut resistome as the supportive treatment and did not provide additional selective pressure for macrolide resistance gene maintenance. The gut microbiota of these children contains diverse macrolide resistance genes that may be transferred within the gut upon repeated exposures to azithromycin or coselected by other antibiotics. |
| LCN2 regulates the gut microbiota and metabolic profile in mice infected with Mycobacterium bovis |
| Thu, 25 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Infection with Mycobacterium bovis precipitates a spectrum of pathologies in bovines, notably necrotic pneumonia, mastitis, and arthritis, impinging upon the health and nutritional assimilation of these animals. A pivotal factor, lipocalin 2 (Lcn2), is responsive to microbial invasion, inflammatory processes, and tissue damage, the extent of which Lcn2 modulates the gut environment, however, remains unclear in response to M. bovis-induced alterations. To explore the role of Lcn2 in shaping the... |
| Yigong San improves cognitive decline in a rat model of Alzheimer's disease by regulating intestinal microorganisms |
| Thu, 25 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| CONCLUSION: YGS improves learning and memory abilities and hippocampal pathomorphology in AD rat models possibly by regulating the abundance of intestinal microbial species such as Prevotellaceae to affect the metabolic pathways for signal transduction, cofactors, and vitamin metabolism. |
| Metabolomics highlights biochemical perturbations occurring in the kidney and liver of mice administered a human dose of colistin |
| Thu, 25 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Introduction: Colistin (CMS) is used for the curation of infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria. CMS is constrained by toxicity, particularly in kidney and neuronal cells. The recommended human doses are 2.5-5 mg/kg/day, and the toxicity is linked to higher doses. So far, the in vivo toxicity studies have used doses even 10-fold higher than human doses. It is essential to investigate the impact of metabolic response of doses, that are comparable to human doses, to identify biomarkers... |
| Developing phytocompound-based new drugs against multi-drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus |
| Thu, 25 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Staphylococcus aureus, a prevalent component of the human microbiota, is associated with skin infections to life-threatening diseases, presenting challenges in treatment options and necessitating the development of effective treatments. This study integrated computational and in vitro approaches to identify promising phytocompounds with therapeutic potential. Staphopain B emerged as a target protein for its role in immune evasion, exhibiting stability during molecular dynamic simulation (MDS)... |
| Gene expression response under thermal stress in two Hawaiian corals is dominated by ploidy and genotype |
| Thu, 25 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Transcriptome data are frequently used to investigate coral bleaching; however, the factors controlling gene expression in natural populations of these species are poorly understood. We studied two corals, Montipora capitata and Pocillopora acuta, that inhabit the sheltered Kāne'ohe Bay, Hawai'i. M. capitata colonies in the bay are outbreeding diploids, whereas P. acuta is a mixture of clonal diploids and triploids. Populations were sampled from six reefs and subjected to either control (no... |
| The impact of oxygen content on Staphylococcus epidermidis pathogenesis in ocular infection based on clinical characteristics, transcriptome and metabolome analysis |
| Thu, 25 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| CONCLUSION: Our findings underscore the significance of S. epidermidis as a crucial pathogen responsible for infectious endophthalmitis. It is crucial to exercise vigilance when considering Levofloxacin as the first-line drug for empiric endophthalmitis treatment. The metabolites alteration observed during the commensal-to-pathogen conversion under microoxic condition serve as a pivotal environmental signal contributing to S. epidermidis metabolism remodeling, toward more pathogenic state. |
| Effective Prevention and Treatment of Acute Leukemias in Mice by Activation of Thermogenic Adipose Tissues |
| Thu, 25 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) are common hematological malignancies in adults. Despite considerable research advances, the development of standard therapies, supportive care, and prognosis for the majority of AML and ALL patients remains poor and the development of new effective therapy is urgently needed. Here, it is reported that activation of thermogenic adipose tissues (TATs) by cold exposure or β3-adrenergic receptor agonists markedly alleviated the... |
| Kimchi Lactic Acid Bacteria Starter Culture: Impact on Fermented Malt Beverage Volatile Profile, Sensory Analysis, and Physicochemical Traits |
| Thu, 25 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Starter cultures used during the fermentation of malt wort can increase the sensory characteristics of the resulting beverages. This study aimed to explore the aroma composition and flavor recognition of malt wort beverages fermented with lactic acid bacteria (Levilactobacillus brevis WiKim0194) isolated from kimchi, using metabolomic profiling and electronic tongue and nose technologies. Four sugars and five organic acids were detected using high-performance liquid chromatography, with maltose... |
| Gut microbiome and metabolism alterations in schizophrenia with metabolic syndrome severity |
| Thu, 25 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| CONCLUSIONS: Our multi-omics study showed that one bacterial genus-five lipid metabolites panel is the potential risk factor for MetS in SCZ. Furthermore, Senegalimassilia, 3-Hydroxytetradecanoyl carnitine, isodeoxycholic acid, and DG(TXB2/0:0/2:0) could serve as novel diagnostic markers in the early stage. So, it is obvious that the combination of bacterial genus and metabolites yields excellent discriminatory power, and the lipid metabolism provide new understanding to the pathogenesis,... |
| Ubiquitination and deubiquitination in cancer: from mechanisms to novel therapeutic approaches |
| Thu, 25 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Ubiquitination, a pivotal posttranslational modification of proteins, plays a fundamental role in regulating protein stability. The dysregulation of ubiquitinating and deubiquitinating enzymes is a common feature in various cancers, underscoring the imperative to investigate ubiquitin ligases and deubiquitinases (DUBs) for insights into oncogenic processes and the development of therapeutic interventions. In this review, we discuss the contributions of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) in... |
| Gut microbiome and metabolome signatures in liver cirrhosis-related complications |
| Wed, 24 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| CONCLUSION: Cirrhosis-dependent gut microbiota and metabolites present unique signatures that can be used as noninvasive biomarkers for the diagnosis of cirrhosis and its complications. |
| Structural characterisation and anti-colon cancer activity of an arabinogalactan RSA-1 from Raphani semen |
| Wed, 24 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| RSA-1 is a polysaccharide obtained from Raphani semen with a relatively clear structure and anti-colon cancer activity. In this study, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy were applied to characterise the complex chain structure of RSA-1. Subsequently, the inhibitory effect on colon cancer growth through apoptosis induction in colon cancer cells was explored. The findings indicate that the... |
| Fucoidan modulates gut microbiota and immunity in Peyer's patches against inflammatory bowel disease |
| Wed, 24 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Although fucoidan has potential use as an anti-inflammatory agent, the specific mechanisms by which it influences signaling and immunomodulatory pathways between gut microbiota and Peyer's patches remain unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic potential of fucoidan in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced mouse model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) by examining the effects on gut microbiota and the underlying anti-inflammatory mechanisms. Purified... |
| Characterization of a novel sulfated-rhamnoglucuronan isolated from Korean seaweed Ulva pertusa and its efficacy for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease in mice |
| Wed, 24 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| This study aimed to isolate Ulva pertusa polysaccharide (UPP), which elicits anti-inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) effects, from the Korea seaweed U. pertusa and identify its structure. Firstly, UPP was isolated from U. pertusa using hydrothermal extraction and ethanol precipitation. UPP is a novel polysaccharide that exhibits unique structural features such as 3-sulfated rhamnose, glucuronic acid, iduronic acid, and 3-sulfated xylose, which are repeated in 1,4-glycosidic bonds. Prophylactic... |
| Research progress on pathogenesis of chronic fatigue syndrome and treatment of traditional Chinese and Western medicine |
| Wed, 24 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) is a complex and perplexing medical disorder primarily characterized by persistent and debilitating fatigue, often accompanied by a constellation of symptoms, including weakness, dyspnea, arthromyalgia, sore throat, and disrupted sleep patterns. CFS is defined by its persistent or recurrent manifestation for a minimum duration of six months, marked by an enduring and unrelenting fatigue that remains refractory to rest. In recent decades, this condition has garnered... |
| Antibacterial mechanism of metabolites of Lactobacillus plantarum against Pseudomonas lundensis and their application in dry-aged beef preservation |
| Wed, 24 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| In this study, the antibacterial mechanism of metabolites of Lactobacillus plantarum SCB2505 (MLp SCB2505) against Pseudomonas lundensis (P. lundensis) SCB2605 was investigated, along with evaluation of their preservative effects on dry-aged beef. The results demonstrated the effective inhibition of MLp SCB2505 on the growth and biofilm synthesis of P. lundensis. The treatment with MLp SCB2505 led to the compromised membrane integrity, as evidenced by reduced intracellular ATP content, increased... |
| Dietary and water restriction leads to increased susceptibility to antimicrobial resistant pathogens |
| Wed, 24 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Dehydration and malnutrition are common and often underdiagnosed in hospital settings. Multidrug-resistant bacterial infections result in more than 35,000 deaths a year in nosocomial patients. The effect of temporal dietary and water restriction (DWR) on susceptibility to multidrug-resistant pathogens is unknown. We report that DWR markedly increased susceptibility to systemic infection by ESKAPE pathogens. Using a murine bloodstream model of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus... |
| Microbiota composition effect on immunotherapy outcomes in colorectal cancer patients: A systematic review |
| Wed, 24 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| CONCLUSION: The findings have brought attention to the notable differences in terms of richness and composition of microbiota between patients who responded positively to the treatment and those who did not. Bacterial species and families, such as Faecalibacterium, Bifidobacterium, Lachnospiraceae, Akkermansia sp., Ruminococcaceae, and Prevotellaceae, have consistently surfaced as potential indicators of immunotherapeutic responses. Furthermore, this review also emphasizes the need for... |
| Effect of soybean and seaweed-based diets on growth performance, feed utilization, and gut microbiota of tilapia: A systematic review and meta-analysis |
| Wed, 24 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Tilapia, a significant aquaculture species globally, relies heavily on feed for its production. While numerous studies have investigated the impact of soybean and seaweed-based diets on tilapia, a comprehensive understanding remains elusive. This review aimed at evaluating and synthesizing the existing literature on these diets' effects, focusing on growth performance, feed utilization, and gut microbiota. A systematic search of databases was conducted using Preferred Reporting Items for... |
| Probiotic Lactobacillus fermentum TSF331, Lactobacillus reuteri TSR332, and Lactobacillus plantarum TSP05 improved liver function and uric acid management-A pilot study |
| Wed, 24 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is predominantly associated with metabolic disturbances representing aberrant liver function and increased uric acid (UA) levels. Growing evidences have suggested a close relationship between metabolic disturbances and the gut microbiota. A placebo-controlled, double-blinded, randomized clinical trial was therefore conducted to explore the impacts of daily supplements with various combinations of the probiotics, Lactobacillus fermentum TSF331,... |
| Role of blood metabolites in mediating the effect of gut microbiome on the mutated-RAS/BRAF metastatic colorectal cancer-specific survival |
| Wed, 24 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| CONCLUSION: Our study offers novel insights into the potential mechanisms underlying the impact of the gut microbiome on the prognosis of M-mCRC. These findings serve as a meaningful reference for exploring potential therapeutic targets and strategies in the future. |
| Desaminotyrosine is a redox-active microbial metabolite that bolsters macrophage antimicrobial functions while attenuating IL-6 production |
| Wed, 24 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Intestinal microbiota contributes to host defense against pathogens while avoiding the induction of inflammation in homeostatic conditions, but the mechanism is not fully understood. To investigate the potential role of the bacterial metabolite desaminotyrosine (DAT) in regulating host defense and inflammation, we pretreated mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) with DAT for 12 hours and then challenged with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). We found that DAT priming-enhanced type I... |
| Enhanced fatty acid biosynthesis by Sigma28 in stringent responses contributes to multidrug resistance and biofilm formation in Helicobacter pylori |
| Wed, 24 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| The metabolic state of bacteria significantly contributes to their resistance to antibiotics; however, the specific metabolic mechanisms conferring antimicrobial resistance in Helicobacter pylori remain largely understudied. Employing transcriptomic and non-targeted metabolomics, we characterized the metabolic reprogramming of H. pylori when challenged with antibiotic agents. We observed a notable increase in both genetic and key proteomic components involved in fatty acid biosynthesis.... |
| Investigation of Biofilm Formation, Anti-Quorum Sensing Activity and Antimicrobial Resistance in Corynebacterium Species Isolated from Clinical Samples |
| Wed, 24 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| An increasing number of different clinical infections caused by Corynebacteria have been reported in the last decade. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibiotic resistance rates, biofilm formation capacities and to investigate the ''anti-quorum-sensing (anti-QS)'' activities of corynebacteria, which were divided into three groups according to the type of growth in culture (pure, with another pathogenic bacterium and polymicrobial growth). In total 240 Corynebacterium spp. isolates from... |
| Tackling transmission of infectious diseases: A probiotic-based system as a remedy for the spread of pathogenic and resistant microbes |
| Wed, 24 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Built environments (BEs) currently represent the areas in which human beings spend most of their life. Consistently, microbes populating BEs mostly derive from human occupants and can be easily transferred from BE to occupants. The hospital microbiome is a paradigmatic example, representing a reservoir for harmful pathogens that can be transmitted to susceptible patients, causing the healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). Environmental cleaning is a crucial pillar in controlling BE pathogens... |
| Effects of Bacillus altitudinis inoculants on cigar tobacco leaf fermentation |
| Wed, 24 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| INTRODUCTION: Microbial succession and metabolic adjustment during cigar tobacco leaf (CTL) fermentation are key factors to improve the quality and flavor of CTLs. However, the interactions in the above processes remain to be further elucidated. |
| A new topical biotechnological phytocomplex for truncal mild-moderate acne restores skin microbiota balance |
| Wed, 24 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| CONCLUSION: The use of the lotion on acneic skin was effective on rebalancing the microbiota, inhibiting biofilm formation and other virulence factors, reducing erythema and desquamation, and improving acne's severity. |
| Antibiotic feeding changes the bacterial community of Chilo suppressalis and thereby affects its pesticide tolerance |
| Tue, 23 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| CONCLUSIONS: This study reveals the impact of antibiotic induced changes in symbiotic microorganisms on the pesticide tolerance of C. suppressalis, laying the foundation for studying the interaction between C. suppressalis and microorganisms, and also providing new ideas for the prevention and control of C. suppressalis and the creation of new pesticides. |
| Sustained gut dysbiosis and intestinal inflammation show correlation with weight gain in person with chronic HIV infection on antiretroviral therapy |
| Tue, 23 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that despite effective ART, PWH with chronic inflammation exhibit persistent dysbiosis associated with gut inflammation, resulting in a transition to an intestinal environment with metabolic consequences. Moreover, the loss of certain bacteria such as Parabacteroides in PWH correlates with weight gain and may contribute to the development of metabolic diseases. |
| Remodeling of intestinal bacterial community and metabolome of Dezhou donkey induced by corn silage |
| Tue, 23 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Corn silage can usually improve the growth performance and the meat quality of ruminants, and subsequently increase the economic benefits of farming. However, little is known about the effects of corn silage on donkeys. This experiment investigated the effects of corn silage on the weight gain, gut microbiota and metabolites of Dezhou donkeys. A total of 24 Dezhou donkeys, sourced from the same farm and exhibiting similar age and average body weight, were utilized in this experiment. The donkeys... |
| The effect and potential mechanism of inulin combined with fecal microbiota transplantation on early intestinal immune function in chicks |
| Tue, 23 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Our previous research found that fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) and inulin synergistically affected the intestinal barrier and immune system function in chicks. However, does it promote the early immunity of the poultry gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT)? How does it regulate the immunity? We evaluated immune-related indicators in the serum, cecal tonsil, and intestine to determine whether FMT synergistic inulin had a stronger impact on gut health and which gene expression regulation... |
| GmAMT2.1/2.2-dependent ammonium nitrogen and metabolites shape rhizosphere microbiome assembly to mitigate cadmium toxicity |
| Tue, 23 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Cadmium (Cd), a heavy metal, is negatively associated with plant growth. AMT (ammonium transporter) genes can confer Cd resistance and enhance nitrogen (N) uptake in soybeans. The potential of AMT genes to alleviate Cd toxicity by modulating rhizosphere microbiota remains unkonwn. Here, the rhizosphere microbial taxonomic and metabolic differences in three genotypes, i.e., double knockout and overexpression lines and wild type, were identified. The results showed that GmAMT2.1/2.2 genes could... |
| Human cytomegalovirus in breast milk is associated with milk composition and the infant gut microbiome and growth |
| Tue, 23 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a highly prevalent herpesvirus that is often transmitted to the neonate via breast milk. Postnatal CMV transmission can have negative health consequences for preterm and immunocompromised infants, but any effects on healthy term infants are thought to be benign. Furthermore, the impact of CMV on the composition of the hundreds of bioactive factors in human milk has not been tested. Here, we utilize a cohort of exclusively breastfeeding full-term mother-infant pairs... |
| Fecal Microbiota Transplantation for Severe Infant Botulism, China |
| Tue, 23 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Infant botulism in a 4-month-old boy in China who continued to excrete toxins for over a month despite antitoxin therapy was further treated with fecal microbiota transplantation. After treatment, we noted increased gut microbial diversity and altered fecal metabolites, which may help reduce intestinal pH and enhance anti-inflammatory capabilities. |
| Involvement of the gut microbiome-brain axis in alcohol use disorder |
| Tue, 23 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| The human intestine is colonized by a variety of microorganisms that influence the immune system, the metabolic response, and the nervous system, with consequences for brain function and behavior. Unbalance in this microbial ecosystem has been shown to be associated with psychiatric disorders, and altered gut microbiome composition related to bacteria, viruses, and fungi has been well established in patients with alcohol use disorder. This review describes the gut microbiome-brain communication... |
| Mechanisms of intestinal dysbiosis: new insights into tuft cell functions |
| Tue, 23 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Symbiosis between the host and intestinal microbial communities is essential for human health. Disruption in this symbiosis is linked to gastrointestinal diseases, including inflammatory bowel diseases, as well as extra-gastrointestinal diseases. Unbalanced gut microbiome or gut dysbiosis contributes in multiple ways to disease frequency, severity and progression. Microbiome taxonomic profiling and metabolomics approaches greatly improved our understanding of gut dysbiosis features; however, the... |
| Semaglutide Attenuates Anxious and Depressive-Like Behaviors and Reverses the Cognitive Impairment in a Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Mouse Model Via the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis |
| Tue, 23 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Newly conducted research suggests that metabolic disorders, like diabetes and obesity, play a significant role as risk factors for psychiatric disorders. This connection presents a potential avenue for creating novel antidepressant medications by repurposing drugs originally developed to address antidiabetic conditions. Earlier investigations have shown that GLP-1 (Glucagon-like Peptide-1) analogs exhibit neuroprotective qualities in various models of neurological diseases, encompassing... |
| Microbial Tryptophan Metabolites Ameliorate Ovariectomy-Induced Bone Loss by Repairing Intestinal AhR-Mediated Gut-Bone Signaling Pathway |
| Tue, 23 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Microbial tryptophan (Trp) metabolites acting as aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) ligands are shown to effectively improve metabolic diseases via regulating microbial community. However, the underlying mechanisms by which Trp metabolites ameliorate bone loss via gut-bone crosstalk are largely unknown. In this study, supplementation with Trp metabolites, indole acetic acid (IAA), and indole-3-propionic acid (IPA), markedly ameliorate bone loss by repairing intestinal barrier integrity in... |
| Biomimetic Supramolecular Assembly with IGF-1C Delivery Ameliorates Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) by Restoring Intestinal Barrier Integrity |
| Tue, 23 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| The management of dysfunctional intestinal epithelium by promoting mucosal healing and modulating the gut microbiota represents a novel therapeutic strategy for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). As a convenient and well-tolerated method of drug delivery, intrarectal administration may represent a viable alternative to oral administration for the treatment of IBD. Here, a biomimetic supramolecular assembly of hyaluronic acid (HA) and β-cyclodextrin (HA-β-CD) for the delivery of the C domain... |
| The role of airways microbiota on local and systemic diseases: a rationale for probiotics delivery to the respiratory tract |
| Tue, 23 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| INTRODUCTION: Recent discoveries in the field of lung microbiota have enabled the investigation of new therapeutic interventions involving the use of inhaled probiotics. |
| Effect of polymethoxylated flavonoids on glucose and lipid metabolism in rat model of obesity induced by a high-fat diet |
| Tue, 23 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| This study established a rat model of obesity by using a high-fat diet(HFD) to explore the effect of polymethoxylated flavonoids on glucose and lipid metabolism in the model rats and decipher the role and mechanism of polymethoxylated flavonoids in mitigating obesity. Thirty normal SD rats were selected and randomized into normal, model, ezetimibe(0.1 mg·kg~(-1)), and polymethoxylated flavonoids(62.5 mg·kg~(-1) and 125 mg·kg~(-1)) groups based on the body weight. Except the normal group... |
| Differential effects of domesticated and wild Capsicum frutescens L. on microbial community assembly and metabolic functions in rhizosphere soil |
| Tue, 23 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| CONCLUSION: This study revealed that C. frutescens established specific rhizosphere microbiota and metabolites during domestication, which has important significance for the efficient utilization of beneficial microorganisms in breeding and cultivation practices. |
| An analysis of the vaginal microbiota and cervicovaginal metabolomics in cervical lesions and cervical carcinoma |
| Tue, 23 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed that cervicovaginal metabolic profiles were determined by cervical cancer, vaginal microbiota, and their interplays. ROS metabolism can be used to discriminate normal cervix, CIN3, and invasive cervical carcinoma. |
| Antibacterial Agents and Adjuvants against Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Infections |
| Tue, 23 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| The development of narrow-spectrum antimicrobial agents is paramount for swiftly eradicating pathogenic bacteria, mitigating the onset of drug resistance, and preserving the homeostasis of bacterial microbiota in tissues. Owing to the limited affinity between the hydrophobic lipid bilayer interior of bacterial cells and most hydrophilic, polar peptides, the construction of a distinctive class of four-armed host-defense peptides/peptidomimetics (HDPs) is proposed with enhanced specificity and... |
| The effect of probiotics and casein supplementation on aerobic capacity parameters of male soccer players |
| Tue, 23 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| CONCLUSION: The findings showed that consuming probiotics and casein could relatively improve the aerobic capacity of male soccer players. Nevertheless, simultaneous consumption of probiotics and casein had a more pronounced effect on aerobic capacity indicators, especially TTE and Time-HHV. |
| Update: Vitamin D3 and calcium carbonate supplementation for adolescents with HIV to reduce musculoskeletal morbidity and immunopathology (VITALITY trial): study protocol for a randomised placebo-controlled trial |
| Mon, 22 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| BACKGROUND: Of the 2 million children living with HIV globally, 90% live in sub-Saharan Africa. Despite antiretroviral therapy, longstanding HIV infection is associated with several chronic complications in children including growth failure, particularly stunting and delayed puberty. Vitamin D deficiency, which is highly prevalent among children living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa, has further adverse impact on bone health. This trial aims to establish whether supplementation with vitamin D(3)... |
| Gut microbiota and metabolic changes in children with idiopathic short stature |
| Mon, 22 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| CONCLUSION: Our study suggests that the microbiome and the microbial-derived metabolites play certain roles in children's growth. These findings provide a new research direction for better understanding the mechanism(s) underlying ISS. |
| Optimised human stool sample collection for multi-omic microbiota analysis |
| Mon, 22 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| To accurately define the role of the gut microbiota in health and disease pathogenesis, the preservation of stool sample integrity, in terms of microbial community composition and metabolic function, is critical. This presents a challenge for any studies which rely on participants self-collecting and returning stool samples as this introduces variability and uncertainty of sample storage/handling. Here, we tested the performance of three stool sample collection/preservation buffers when storing... |
| Acetylated bacterial proteins as potent antigens inducing an anti-modified protein antibody response |
| Mon, 22 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| CONCLUSIONS: Acetylated bacterial proteins are recognisable by hAMPA and are capable of inducing cross-reactive AMPA in mice. These observations provide the first conceptual evidence for a novel mechanism involving the (endogenous) acetylation of the bacterial proteome, allowing a breach of tolerance to modified proteins and the formation of cross-reactive AMPA. |
| Analysis of composition and molecular characterization of mycobiota occurring on surface of cheese ripened in Dossena's mine |
| Mon, 22 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Accurate identification of the fungal community spontaneously colonizing food products, aged in natural and not controlled environments, provides information about potential mycotoxin risk associated with its consumption. Autochthonous mycobiota colonizing cheese aging in Dossena mines, was investigated and characterized by two approaches: microbial isolations and metabarcoding. Microbial isolations and metabarcoding analysis were conducted on cheese samples, obtained by four batches, produced... |
| Microbial-derived Urolithin A targets GLS1 to inhibit glutaminolysis and attenuate cirrhotic portal hypertension |
| Mon, 22 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| CONCLUSIONS: We for the first time identify the deficiency of gut microbial metabolite UroA as an important cause of CPH. We demonstrate that UroA exerts an excellent anti-CPH effect by suppressing HSC glutaminolysis to lower the IHVR, which highlighted its great potential as a novel therapeutic agent for CPH. |
| Nano-mupirocin as tumor-targeted antibiotic: Physicochemical, immunotoxicological and pharmacokinetic characterization, and effect on gut microbiome |
| Mon, 22 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Nano-mupirocin is a PEGylated nano-liposomal formulation of the antibiotic mupirocin, undergoing evaluation for treating infectious diseases and intratumor bacteria. Intratumoral microbiota play an important role in the regulation of tumor progression and therapeutic efficacy. However, antibiotic use to target intratumoral bacteria should be performed in a way that will not affect the gut microbiota, found to enable the efficacy of cancer treatments. Nano-mupirocin may offer such a selective... |
| How can we optimize antifungal use and stewardship in the treatment of acute leukemia? |
| Mon, 22 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| INTRODUCTION: The global need for antifungal stewardship is driven by spreading antimicrobial and antifungal resistance. Triazoles are the only oral and relatively well-tolerated class of antifungal medications, and usage is associated with acquired resistance and species replacement with intrinsically resistant organisms. On a per-patient basis, hematology patients are the largest inpatient consumers of antifungal drugs, but are also the most vulnerable to invasive fungal disease. |
| Benchmarking classification abilities of novel optical photothermal IR spectroscopy at the single-cell level with bulk FTIR measurements |
| Mon, 22 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is a simple, fast and inexpensive method with a history of use for bacterial analysis. However, due to the limitations placed on spatial resolution inherent to infrared wavelengths, analysis has generally been performed on bulk samples, leading to biological variance among individual cells to be buried in averaged spectra. This also increases the bacterial load necessary for analysis, which can be problematic in clinical settings where limiting... |
| Polychlorinated biphenyls modify Arabidopsis root exudation pattern to accommodate degrading bacteria, showing strain and functional trait specificity |
| Mon, 22 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| INTRODUCTION: The importance of plant rhizodeposition to sustain microbial growth and induce xenobiotic degradation in polluted environments is increasingly recognized. |
| Feasibility of engineered Bacillus subtilis for use as a microbiome-based topical drug delivery platform |
| Mon, 22 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Non-adherence to medication is a major challenge in healthcare that results in worsened treatment outcomes for patients. Reducing the frequency of required administrations could improve adherence but is challenging for topical drug delivery due to the generally short residence time of topical formulations on the skin. In this study, we sought to determine the feasibility of developing a microbiome-based, long-acting, topical delivery platform using Bacillus subtilis for drug production and... |
| Hypothesis: hematogenous metastatic cancer cells of solid tumors may disguise themselves as memory macrophages for metastasis |
| Mon, 22 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| German pathologist Otto Aichel suggested, a century ago, that the cancer cell acquired its metastatic property from a leukocyte via cell-cell fusion. Since then, several revised versions of this theory have been proposed. Most of the proposals attribute the generation of the metastatic cancer cell to the fusion between a primary cancer cell and a macrophage. However, these theories have not addressed several issues, such as dormancy and stem cell-like self-renewal, of the metastatic cancer cell.... |
| Derivation of novel metabolic pathway score identifies alanine metabolism as a targetable influencer of TNF-alpha signaling |
| Mon, 22 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that TNFα, particularly when signaling through TNFR1, may preferentially use alanine metabolism for energy. These results are limited in by cell type used and immune outputs measured. However, we anticipate that our novel method may assist other researchers in identifying metabolic targets that influence their disease or model of interest through simplifying the analysis of multi-condition experiments. Furthermore, our results endorse the consideration of follow... |
| Degradation and mechanism analysis of protein macromolecules by functional bacteria in tobacco leaves |
| Mon, 22 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Tobacco, a crop of significant economic importance, was greatly influenced in leaf quality by protein content. However, current processing parameters fail to adequately meet the requirements for protein degradation. Microorganisms possess potential advantages for degrading proteins and enhancing the quality of tobacco leaves, and hold substantial potential in the process of curing. To effectively reduce the protein content in tobacco leaves, thereby improving the quality and safety of the... |
| Beyond antibiotics: CRISPR/Cas9 triumph over biofilm-associated antibiotic resistance infections |
| Mon, 22 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| A complex structure known as a biofilm is formed when a variety of bacterial colonies or a single type of cell in a group sticks to a surface. The extracellular polymeric compounds that encase these cells, often consisting of proteins, eDNA, and polysaccharides, exhibit strong antibiotic resistance. Concerns about biofilm in the pharmaceutical industry, public health, and medical fields have sparked a lot of interest, as antibiotic resistance is a unique capacity exhibited by these... |
| Bioprospecting of soil-borne microorganisms and chemical dereplication of their anti-microbial constituents with the aid of UPLC-QTOF-MS and molecular networking approach |
| Mon, 22 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Due to the emergence of drug-resistant microorganisms, the search for broad-spectrum antimicrobial compounds has become extremely crucial. Natural sources like plants and soils have been explored for diverse metabolites with antimicrobial properties. This study aimed to identify microorganisms from agricultural soils exhibiting antimicrobial effects against known human pathogens, and to highlight the chemical space of the responsible compounds through the computational metabolomics-based... |
| A history of repeated antibiotic usage leads to microbiota-dependent mucus defects |
| Mon, 22 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Recent evidence indicates that repeated antibiotic usage lowers microbial diversity and ultimately changes the gut microbiota community. However, the physiological effects of repeated - but not recent - antibiotic usage on microbiota-mediated mucosal barrier function are largely unknown. By selecting human individuals from the deeply phenotyped Estonian Microbiome Cohort (EstMB), we here utilized human-to-mouse fecal microbiota transplantation to explore long-term impacts of repeated antibiotic... |
| Core antibiotic resistance genes mediate gut microbiota to intervene in the treatment of major depressive disorder |
| Sun, 21 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that ARGs play a role in the interplay between major depressive disorder and gut microbiota. The role of ARGs should be taken into account when understanding the relationship between depression and gut microbiota. |
| Biomarker Identification for Preterm Birth Susceptibility: Vaginal Microbiome Meta-Analysis Using Systems Biology and Machine Learning Approaches |
| Sun, 21 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| CONCLUSIONS: Vaginal infections caused by Shuttleworthia, Megasphaera, and Sneathia and altered small metabolite biosynthesis pathways such as lipopolysaccharide folate and retinal may increase the susceptibility to PTB. The identified organisms, genes, pathways, and their networks may be specifically targeted for the treatment of bacterial infections that increase PTB risk. |
| A cross-sectional comparison of gut metagenomes between dairy workers and community controls |
| Sat, 20 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights the utility of shotgun metagenomics in examining the microbiomes and resistomes of livestock workers, focusing on a cohort of dairy workers in the United States. While our study revealed no statistically significant differences between groups in taxonomy, diversity and gene presence, we observed patterns in antibiotic resistance gene abundance and prevalence that align with findings from previous studies of livestock workers in China and Europe. Our results lay... |
| In vitro analysis of postbiotic antimicrobial activity against Candida Species in a minimal synthetic model simulating the gut mycobiota in obesity |
| Sat, 20 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Gut fungal imbalances, particularly increased Candida spp., are linked to obesity. This study explored the potential of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum cell-free extracts (postbiotics) to modulate the growth of Candida albicans and Candida kefyr, key members of the gut mycobiota. A minimal synthetic gut model was employed to evaluate the effects of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum postbiotics on fungal growth in mono- and mixed cultures. Microreactors were employed for culturing, fungal growth was... |
| Nasal microbiome and the effect of nasal decolonization with a novel povidone-iodine antiseptic solution: a prospective and randomized clinical trial |
| Sat, 20 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| The aim of this study was to assess the profile of nasal microbiome and evaluate the effect of a specific nasal decolonization solution on the microbiome. We conducted a randomized, placebo-controlled, and parallel-group clinical study of 50 volunteers aged 18 years and older. The subjects were randomly assigned to receive a nasal antiseptic solution, containing povidone-iodine as the main ingredient, (n = 25) or a control solution (n = 25). Nasal swabs were obtained before application... |
| Protective effects of patchouli alcohol against DSS-induced ulcerative colitis |
| Sat, 20 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Patchouli alcohol (PA) is a widely used pharmaceutical ingredient in various Chinese traditional herbal medicine (THM) formulations, known for its modulatory effects on the gut microbiota. The present study investigated PA's anti-inflammatory and regulatory effects on gut microbiota and its mode of action (MOA). Based on the assessments of ulcerative colitis (UC) symptoms, PA exhibited promising preventions against inflammatory response. In accordance, the expressions of pro-inflammatory... |
| Fermentation of Polygonati Rhizoma aqueous extract using Lactiplantibacillus plantarum under the condition of eutrophication |
| Sat, 20 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| In this experiment, the eutrophication system was established by adding sucrose and yeast powder, and the pH and dissolved oxygen were measured in a bioreactor in real time to study the effect of aerobic environment on the fermentation process of Polygonati Rhizoma extract by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum. To further analyze metabolic changes, UPLC-Q-Exactive MS was used for metabolomic analysis and metabolic profiling. Multivariate analysis was performed using principal component analysis and... |
| Switching from Dose-Intensified intravenous to SubCutaneoUS infliximab in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (DISCUS-IBD): protocol for a multicentre randomised controlled trial |
| Sat, 20 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| INTRODUCTION: A substantial proportion of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) on intravenous infliximab require dose intensification. Accessing additional intravenous infliximab is labour-intensive and expensive, depending on insurance and pharmaceutical reimbursement. Observational data suggest that subcutaneous infliximab may offer a convenient and safe alternative to maintain disease remission in patients requiring dose-intensified infliximab. A prospective, controlled trial is... |
| Redox-sensitive hydrogel based on hyaluronic acid with selenocystamine cross-linking for the delivery of Limosilactobacillus reuteri in a DSS-induced colitis mouse model |
| Sat, 20 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Disrupted gut microbiota homeostasis is an important cause of inflammatory colitis. Studies have shown that effective supplementation with probiotics can maintain microbial homeostasis and alleviate colitis. Here, to increase the viability of probiotics in the harsh gastrointestinal environments and enable targeted delivery, a redox-sensitive selenium hyaluronic acid (HA-Se) hydrogel encapsulating probiotics was developed. HA was modified with selenocystamine dihydrochloride and crosslinked by... |
| Drug metabolism of ciprofloxacin, ivacaftor, and raloxifene by Pseudomonas aeruginosa cytochrome P450 CYP107S1 |
| Sat, 20 Jul 2024 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Drug metabolism is one of the main processes governing the pharmacokinetics and toxicity of drugs via their chemical biotransformation and elimination. In humans, the liver, enriched with cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, plays a major metabolic and detoxification role. The gut microbiome and its complex community of microorganisms can also contribute to some extent to drug metabolism. However, during an infection when pathogenic microorganisms invade the host, our knowledge of the impact on drug... |
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