| High-throughput quantification of microbial-derived organic acids in mucin-rich samples via reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography |
| Fri, 09 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Organic acids (short chain fatty acids, amino acids, etc.) are common metabolic byproducts of commensal bacteria of the gut and oral cavity in addition to microbiota associated with chronic infections of the airways, skin, and soft tissues. A ubiquitous characteristic of these body sites in which mucus-rich secretions often accumulate in excess, is the presence of mucins; high molecular weight (HMW), glycosylated proteins that decorate the surfaces of non-keratinized epithelia. Owing to their... |
| Functional and metagenomic level diversities of human gut symbiont-derived glycolipids |
| Fri, 09 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Bioactive metabolites produced by symbiotic microbiota causally impact host health and disease, nonetheless, incomplete functional annotation of genes as well as complexities and dynamic nature of microbiota make understanding species-level contribution in production and actions difficult. Alpha-galactosylceramides produced by Bacteroides fragilis (BfaGC) are one of the first modulators of colonic immune development, but biosynthetic pathways and the significance of the single species in the... |
| A bioinformatics tool for identifying intratumoral microbes from the ORIEN dataset |
| Fri, 09 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Evidence supports significant interactions among microbes, immune cells, and tumor cells in at least 10-20% of human cancers, emphasizing the importance of further investigating these complex relationships. However, the implications and significance of tumor-related microbes remain largely unknown. Studies have demonstrated the critical roles of host microbes in cancer prevention and treatment responses. Understanding interactions between host microbes and cancer can drive cancer diagnosis and... |
| The tumor microbiome as a predictor of outcomes in patients with metastatic melanoma treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors |
| Fri, 09 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Emerging evidence supports the important role of the tumor microbiome in oncogenesis, cancer immune phenotype, cancer progression, and treatment outcomes in many malignancies. In this study, we investigated the metastatic melanoma tumor microbiome and potential roles in association with clinical outcomes, such as survival, in patients with metastatic disease treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Baseline tumor samples were collected from 71 patients with metastatic melanoma before... |
| Metabolic disruption impacts tick fitness and microbial relationships |
| Fri, 09 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Arthropod-borne microbes rely on the metabolic state of a host to cycle between evolutionarily distant species. For instance, arthropod tolerance to infection may be due to redistribution of metabolic resources, often leading to microbial transmission to mammals. Conversely, metabolic alterations aids in pathogen elimination in humans, who do not ordinarily harbor arthropod-borne microbes. To ascertain the effect of metabolism on interspecies relationships, we engineered a system to evaluate... |
| Fecal microbiota transplantation confirmed that 919 Syrup reduced the ratio of erucamide to 5-AVAB in hippocampus to alleviate postpartum depression by regulating gut microbes |
| Fri, 09 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| CONCLUSION: In brief, 919 Syrup may downregulate the ratio of hippocampal metabolites erucamide to 5-AVAB by regulating intestinal flora to alleviate postpartum depression, laying a scientific foundation for future pathological research and development of therapeutic drugs for postpartum depression. |
| Bacteroides dorei BDX-01 alleviates DSS-induced experimental colitis in mice by regulating intestinal bile salt hydrolase activity and the FXR-NLRP3 signaling pathway |
| Fri, 09 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Background: The relationships among intestinal dysbiosis, bile acid (BA) metabolism disorders, and ulcerative colitis pathogenesis are now recognized. However, how specific strains regulate BA metabolism to alleviate colitis is still unclear. This study investigated the effects of Bacteroides dorei on the development of acute colitis and elucidated the underlying mechanisms. Methods: The safety of BDX-01 was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. 2.5% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) induced colitis in... |
| Probiotics and their beneficial health effects |
| Fri, 09 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Probiotics are living microorganisms that are present in cultured milk and fermented food. Fermented foods are a rich source for the isolation of probiotics. They are known as good bacteria. They have various beneficial effects on human health including antihypertensive effects, anti-hypercholesterolemic effects, prevention of bowel disease, and improving the immune system. Microorganisms including bacteria, yeast, and mold are used as probiotics but the major microorganisms that are used as... |
| New Insights into the Relationship between Nutrition and Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's Disease: Preventive and Therapeutic Perspectives |
| Fri, 09 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Neurodegenerative diseases are progressive brain disorders characterized by inexorable synaptic dysfunction and neuronal loss. Since the most consistent risk factor for developing neurodegenerative diseases is aging, the prevalence of these disorders is intended to increase with increasing life expectancy. Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of neurodegenerative dementia, representing a significant medical, social, and economic burden worldwide. Despite growing research to reach an... |
| The treatment of obesity in children and adolescents: consensus position statement of the Italian society of pediatric endocrinology and diabetology, Italian Society of Pediatrics and Italian Society of Pediatric Surgery |
| Thu, 08 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| This Position Statement updates the different components of the therapy of obesity (lifestyle intervention, drugs, and surgery) in children and adolescents, previously reported in the consensus position statement on pediatric obesity of the Italian Society of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology and the Italian Society of Pediatrics. Lifestyle intervention is the first step of treatment. In children older than 12 years, pharmacotherapy is the second step, and bariatric surgery is the third... |
| The diurnal fluctuation of colonic antibiotic resistome is correlated with nutrient substrates in a pig model |
| Thu, 08 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| The increasing prevalence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant threat to public health, and the gut microbiota of livestock (e.g., pigs) are considered a crucial reservoir of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), contributing to the long-term persistence of AMR. However, there is still a lack of relevant research on the composition and diurnal fluctuation of ARGs, and their correlation with nutrient substrates in the gut of pigs. To address this knowledge gap, we characterized the... |
| A microbiota-modulated checkpoint directs immunosuppressive intestinal T cells into cancers |
| Thu, 08 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Antibiotics (ABX) compromise the efficacy of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) blockade in cancer patients, but the mechanisms underlying their immunosuppressive effects remain unknown. By inducing the down-regulation of mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule 1 (MAdCAM-1) in the ileum, post-ABX gut recolonization by Enterocloster species drove the emigration of enterotropic α4β7^(+)CD4^(+) regulatory T 17 cells into the tumor. These deleterious ABX effects were mimicked by oral gavage of... |
| Metabolomic Analysis of Polymicrobial Wound Infections and an Associated Adhesive Bandage |
| Thu, 08 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Concerns about ion suppression, spectral contamination, or interference have led to avoidance of polymers in mass spectrometry (MS)-based metabolomics. This avoidance, however, has left many biochemical fields underexplored, including wounds, which are often treated with adhesive bandages. Here, we found that despite previous concerns, the addition of an adhesive bandage can still result in biologically informative MS data. Initially, a test LC-MS analysis was performed on a mixture of known... |
| Development of an In Vitro Model of the Gut Microbiota Enriched in Mucus-Adhering Bacteria |
| Thu, 08 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Culturing the gut microbiota in in vitro models that mimic the intestinal environment is increasingly becoming a promising alternative approach to study microbial dynamics and the effect of perturbations on the gut community. Since the mucus-associated microbial populations in the human intestine differ in composition and functions from their luminal counterpart, we attempted to reproduce in vitro the microbial consortia adhering to mucus using an already established three-dimensional model of... |
| Ginsenoside Rk3 Regulates Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis by Modulation of Intestinal Flora and the PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway in C57BL/6 Mice |
| Thu, 08 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) has become the most important reason of liver disease around the world and is predisposed to further progression to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Ginsenoside Rk3 has been reported to have a plenty of biological activities, including anti-apoptotic, anti-anemia, and protective effects against acute kidney injury. However, whether ginsenoside Rk3 can improve NASH has not been reported yet. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the... |
| Editorial: Gut microbiota as a therapeutic target in neuropsychiatric disorders: current status and future directions |
| Thu, 08 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| No abstract |
| A probiotic bi-functional peptidoglycan hydrolase sheds NOD2 ligands to regulate gut homeostasis in female mice |
| Wed, 07 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Secreted proteins are one of the direct molecular mechanisms by which microbiota influence the host, thus constituting a promising field for drug discovery. Here, through bioinformatics-guided screening of the secretome of clinically established probiotics from Lactobacillus, we identify an uncharacterized secreted protein (named LPH here) that is shared by most of these probiotic strains (8/10) and demonstrate that it protects female mice from colitis in multiple models. Functional studies show... |
| Metabolic alterations upon SARS-CoV-2 infection and potential therapeutic targets against coronavirus infection |
| Wed, 07 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 infection has become a global pandemic due to the high viral transmissibility and pathogenesis, bringing enormous burden to our society. Most patients infected by SARS-CoV-2 are asymptomatic or have mild symptoms. Although only a small proportion of patients progressed to severe COVID-19 with symptoms including acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), disseminated coagulopathy, and cardiovascular disorders, severe... |
| PEOPLE (NTC03447678), a phase II trial to test pembrolizumab as first-line treatment in patients with advanced NSCLC with PD-L1 <50%: a multiomics analysis |
| Wed, 07 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| CONCLUSIONS: This multiomics approach was able to identify immune cell subsets and expression levels of genes associated to PFS in patients with PD-L1 <50% NSCLC treated with first-line pembrolizumab. These preliminary data will be confirmed in the larger multicentric international I3LUNG trial (NCT05537922). |
| Metabolomic pathway regulation for prevention and control of granule sludge bulking in thiosulfate-driven denitrification |
| Wed, 07 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| The performance of thiosulfate-driven denitrification (TDD) granule reactor and the mechanism of granule sludge bulking were investigated in this study. The results showed that TDD granule bulking occurred under 12 kgNm^(-3)d^(-1) of nitrogen loading rate (NLR). The higher NLR promoted accumulation of intermediates in the carbon fixation pathway, including citrate, oxaloacetate, oxoglutarate and fumarate. The carbon fixation improved amino acids biosynthesis, which increased proteins (PN) in... |
| Pristine and Sulfidized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Promote the Release and Decomposition of Organic Carbon in the Legume Rhizosphere |
| Wed, 07 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| The effects and mechanisms of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and their aging products, sulfidized (s-) ZnO NPs, on the carbon cycling in the legume rhizosphere are still unclear. We observed that, after 30 days of cultivation, in the rhizosphere soil of Medicago truncatula, under ZnO NP and s-ZnO NP treatments, the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations were significantly increased by 1.8- to 2.4-fold compared to Zn^(2+) treatments, although the soil organic matter (SOM) contents did... |
| Disulfiram with Cu2+ alleviates dextran sulfate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis in mice |
| Wed, 07 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Background: Disulfiram (DSF), a Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drug for chronic alcohol addiction, has anti-inflammatory effects that help prevent various cancers, and Cu^(2+) can enhance the effects of DSF. Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are characterized by chronic or recurrent relapsing gastrointestinal inflammation. Many drugs targeting the immune responses of IBD have been developed, but their application has many problems, including side effects and high costs. Therefore,... |
| Vertical sleeve gastrectomy-derived gut metabolite licoricidin activates beige fat thermogenesis to combat obesity |
| Wed, 07 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Obesity is a chronic metabolic disease, affecting individuals throughout the world. Bariatric surgery such as vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG) provides sustained weight loss and improves glucose homeostasis in obese mice and humans. However, the precise underlying mechanisms remain elusive. In this study, we investigated the potential roles and the mechanisms of action of gut metabolites in VSG-induced anti-obesity effect and metabolic improvement. Methods: High-fat diet (HFD)-fed C57BL/6J mice... |
| Alterations in the gut microbiota and serum metabolomics of spontaneous cholestasis caused by loss of FXR signal in mice |
| Wed, 07 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Background: Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) is a key metabolic target of bile acids (BAs) and is also a target for drugs against several liver diseases. However, the contribution of FXR in the pathogenesis of cholestasis is still not fully understood. The purpose of this study is to provide a comprehensive insight into the metabolic properties of FXR-involved cholestasis in mice. Materials and methods: In this study, an alpha-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT)-induced cholestasis mouse model and FXR^(-/-)... |
| Establishment of a consensus protocol to explore the brain pathobiome in patients with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease: Research outline and call for collaboration: Research outline and call for collaboration |
| Wed, 07 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Microbial infections of the brain can lead to dementia, and for many decades microbial infections have been implicated in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. However, a causal role for infection in AD remains contentious, and the lack of standardized detection methodologies has led to inconsistent detection/identification of microbes in AD brains. There is a need for a consensus methodology; the Alzheimer's Pathobiome Initiative aims to perform comparative molecular analyses of microbes in post... |
| Efficiency of Chinese medicine Bushen Huatan formula for treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome in mice via regulating gut microbiota and PPARγ pathway |
| Wed, 07 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| CONCLUSIONS: PCOS induced by letrozole high-fat diet induces microflora imbalance in mice. Chinese medicine Bushen Huatan formula may increase the level of short chain fatty acid by regulating gut microbiota, thereby activating the intestinal PPARγ pathway and improving intestinal barrier function to act as a cure for PCOS. |
| Jujubae Fructus alleviates intestinal injury caused by toxic medicinals in Shizao Decoction based on correlation between intestinal flora and host metabolism |
| Wed, 07 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Genkwa Fols, Kansui Radix, and Euphorbiae Pekinensis Radix in Shizao Decoction(SZD) are toxic to intestinal tract. Jujubae Fructus in this prescription can alleviate the toxicity, but the mechanism is still unclear. Therefore, this study aims to explore the mechanism. To be specific, 40 normal Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats were classified into the normal group, high-dose and low-dose SZD groups, and high-dose and low-dose SZD without Jujubae Fructus(SZD-JF) groups. The SZD groups were given(ig) SZD,... |
| Gut microbiota dysbiosis promotes the development of epithelial ovarian cancer via regulating Hedgehog signaling pathway |
| Wed, 07 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most lethal gynecological cancer, which remains a threat to female health at all ages. Hypotheses for EOC development include the continuous presence of inflammation, in which microbiota and inflammatory cytokines participate in cancer-related signaling pathway activation. Hedgehog (Hh) signaling is prominent for EOC progression, and interacts with inflammation response related to gut microbiota (GM). However, the precise roles of GM during this process are... |
| Intra-population genomic diversity of the bloom-forming cyanobacterium, Aphanizomenon gracile, at low spatial scale |
| Tue, 06 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Cyanobacteria are oxygenic photosynthetic bacteria that perform a substantial part of the global primary production. Some species are responsible for catastrophic environmental events, called blooms, which have become increasingly common in lakes and freshwater bodies as a consequence of global changes. Genotypic diversity is considered essential for marine cyanobacterial population, allowing it to cope with spatio-temporal environmental variations and to adapt to specific micro-niches in the... |
| A novel strategy to characterize the pattern of β-lactam antibiotic-induced drug resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii |
| Tue, 06 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAb) is an urgent public health threat, according to the CDC. This pathogen has few treatment options and causes severe nosocomial infections with > 50% fatality rate. Although previous studies have examined the proteome of CRAb, there have been no focused analyses of dynamic changes to β-lactamase expression that may occur due to drug exposure. Here, we present our initial proteomic study of variation in β-lactamase expression that occurs in CRAb... |
| Supramolecular Photothermal Cascade Nano-Reactor Enables Photothermal Effect, Cascade Reaction, and In Situ Hydrogelation for Biofilm-Associated Tooth-Extraction Wound Healing |
| Tue, 06 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Due to the emergence of drug resistance in bacteria and biofilm protection, achieving a satisfactory therapeutic effect for bacteria-infected open wounds with conventional measures is problematic. Here, we construct a photothermal cascade nano-reactor (CPNC@GOx-Fe^(2+) ) through a supramolecular strategy through hydrogen bonding and coordination interactions between chitosan-modified palladium nano-cube (CPNC), glucose oxidase (GOx), and ferrous iron (Fe^(2+) ). CPNC@GOx-Fe^(2+) exhibits... |
| The relative abundance of fecal bacterial species belonging to the Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes phyla is related to plasma levels of bile acids in young adults |
| Tue, 06 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| CONCLUSIONS: The relative abundance of specific fecal bacteria species is associated with plasma levels of BA in young adults. However, further investigations are required to validate whether the composition of the gut microbiota can regulate the plasma concentrations of BA in humans. |
| Gut microbiota in chronic pain: Novel insights into mechanisms and promising therapeutic strategies |
| Tue, 06 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Chronic pain remains one of the world's most persistent and unsolved clinical challenges that severely affect patients' quality of life. Presently, considering that the mechanisms underlying chronic pain are not fully understood, there is a lack of effective drugs and interventions to treat chronic pain in clinical practice. Therefore, exploring the pathogenic mechanism of chronic pain and establishing potential targets are the keys to treating chronic pain. Substantial evidence has indicated... |
| Sexual differentiation in human malaria parasites is regulated by competition between phospholipid metabolism and histone methylation |
| Mon, 05 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| For Plasmodium falciparum, the most widespread and virulent malaria parasite that infects humans, persistence depends on continuous asexual replication in red blood cells, while transmission to their mosquito vector requires asexual blood-stage parasites to differentiate into non-replicating gametocytes. This decision is controlled by stochastic derepression of a heterochromatin-silenced locus encoding AP2-G, the master transcription factor of sexual differentiation. The frequency of ap2-g... |
| Chemical composition of extracts from leaves, stems and roots of wasabi (Eutrema japonicum) and their anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial activities |
| Mon, 05 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| The purpose of our study was to evaluate the composition of the extracts obtained from the roots and leaves of Eutrema japonicum cultivated in Poland. For this purpose, LC-DAD-IT-MS and LC-Q-TOF-MS analyses were used. The results revealed the presence of forty-two constituents comprising glycosinolates, phenylpropanoid glycosides, flavone glycosides, hydroxycinnamic acids, and other compounds. Then, the resultant extracts were subjected to an assessment of the potential cytotoxic effect on human... |
| Strains of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and its extracts reduce blood glucose levels, percent HbA1c, and improve glucose tolerance without causing hypoglycemic side effects in diabetic and prediabetic mice |
| Mon, 05 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| CONCLUSIONS: The trial results have shown that treatment with different formulations of FPZ result in lower blood glucose levels, lower percent HbA1c, and improved glucose response in mice compared with control prediabetic/diabetic mice. FPZ is a promising candidate as an orally administered probiotic or postbiotic to manage and improve pre-diabetes and T2D. |
| Therapeutic effects of columbianadin from Angelicae Pubescentis radix on the progression of collagen-induced rheumatoid aarthritis by regulating inflammation and oxidative stress |
| Mon, 05 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| CONCLUSIONS: CBN exert anti-RA effects from four perspectives: inhibiting inflammatory response, regulating oxidative stress, and improving changes in gut microbiota and metabolites. The JAK1/STAT3, NF-κB and Keap1/Nrf2 pathway may be an important mechanism for CBN's inflammatory response and oxidative stress activity. CBN could be considered as a potential anti-RA drug for further study. |
| Potential of algae-derived alginate oligosaccharides and β-glucan to counter inflammation in adult zebrafish intestine |
| Mon, 05 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Alginate oligosaccharides (AOS) are natural bioactive compounds with anti-inflammatory properties. We performed a feeding trial employing a zebrafish (Danio rerio) model of soybean-induced intestinal inflammation. Five groups of fish were fed different diets: a control (CT) diet, a soybean meal (SBM) diet, a soybean meal+β-glucan (BG) diet and 2 soybean meal+AOS diets (alginate products differing in the content of low molecular weight fractions - AL, with 31% < 3kDa and AH, with 3% < 3kDa). We... |
| Response of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium to alginate oligosaccharides fermented with fecal inoculum: integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses |
| Mon, 05 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Alginate oligosaccharides (AOS), extracted from marine brown algae, are a common functional feed additive; however, it remains unclear whether they modulate the gut microbiota and microbial metabolites. The response of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, a common poultry pathogen, to AOS fermented with chicken fecal inocula was investigated using metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses. Single-strain cultivation tests showed that AOS did not directly inhibit the growth of S. Typhimurium.... |
| Multi-omics in Crohn's disease: New insights from inside |
| Mon, 05 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Crohn's disease (CD) is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with complex clinical manifestations such as chronic diarrhea, weight loss and hematochezia. Despite the increasing incidence worldwide, cure of CD remains extremely difficult. The rapid development of high-throughput sequencing technology with integrated-omics analyses in recent years has provided a new means for exploring the pathogenesis, mining the biomarkers and designing targeted personalized therapeutics of CD. Host genomics and... |
| Intracellular hydrogelation of macrophage conjugated probiotics for hitchhiking delivery and combined treatment of colitis |
| Mon, 05 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Immune cell membrane coated nanomedicine was developed to neutralize cytokines via receptor-ligand interaction, which showed potential for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, cell membrane isolation and re-assembly process involved protein loss and spatial disorder, which reduced the sequestration efficiency towards cytokines. In addition, oral administration of probiotics was accepted for IBD treatment via gut microbiota modulation, but most probiotics showed weak... |
| Age-related alterations in metabolome and microbiome provide insights in dietary transition in giant pandas |
| Mon, 05 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| We conducted UPLC-MS-based metabolomics, 16S rRNA, and metagenome sequencing on the fecal samples of 44 captive giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) from four age groups (i.e., Cub, Young, Adult, and Old) to comprehensively understand age-related changes in the metabolism and gut microbiota of giant pandas. We characterized the metabolite profiles of giant pandas based on 1,376 identified metabolites, with 152 significantly differential metabolites (SDMs) found across the age groups. We found... |
| Effects of Probiotic Enterococcus faecium from Yak on the Intestinal Microflora and Metabolomics of Mice with Salmonella Infection |
| Mon, 05 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Salmonella spp. are pathogenic bacteria that cause diarrhea, abortion, and death in yak and severely harm livestock breeding. Therefore, it is vital to identify a probiotic that effectively antagonizes Salmonella. To the best of our knowledge, few prior studies have investigated the efficacy of Enterococcus faecium against Salmonella. Here, we evaluated the enteroprotective mechanism of E. faecium in a mouse Salmonella infection model using hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining, quantitative... |
| Fecal metabonomics combined with 16S rDNA sequencing to analyze the changes of gut microbiota in rats fed with different protein source diets |
| Mon, 05 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| CONCLUSION: Dietary protein sources played an important role in the growth and development of rats by influencing intestinal metabolism and microbial composition. The BS-WP blended protein diet was more conducive to nutrient absorption than the single protein diet. Furthermore, blended protein increased the diversity of intestinal microbes and aided the establishment of intestinal barrier function. |
| Characterisation of acetogen formatotrophic potential using Eubacterium limosum |
| Mon, 05 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Formate is a promising energy carrier that could be used to transport renewable electricity. Some acetogenic bacteria, such as Eubacterium limosum, have the native ability to utilise formate as a sole substrate for growth, which has sparked interest in the biotechnology industry. However, formatotrophic metabolism in E. limosum is poorly understood, and a system-level characterisation in continuous cultures is yet to be reported. Here, we present the first steady-state dataset for E. limosum... |
| Noise reduction strategies in metagenomic chromosome confirmation capture to link antibiotic resistance genes to microbial hosts |
| Mon, 05 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| The gut microbiota is a reservoir for antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs). With current sequencing methods, it is difficult to assign ARGs to their microbial hosts, particularly if these ARGs are located on plasmids. Metagenomic chromosome conformation capture approaches (meta3C and Hi-C) have recently been developed to link bacterial genes to phylogenetic markers, thus potentially allowing the assignment of ARGs to their hosts on a microbiome-wide scale. Here, we generated a meta3C dataset of... |
| Distinct global metabolomic profiles of the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans during interactions with Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi |
| Mon, 05 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| The interactive network of hosts with pathogenic microbes is still questionable. It has been hypothesized and reported that the host shows altered regulatory mechanisms for different pathogens. Several studies using transcriptomics and proteomics revealed the altered pathways and sequential regulations displayed by the host during bacterial interactions. Still, there is a gap in understanding the triggering molecule at transcriptomic and proteomic levels due to the lack of the knowledge of the... |
| Succession and determinants of the early life nasopharyngeal microbiota in a South African birth cohort |
| Sun, 04 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| CONCLUSIONS: In this intensively sampled cohort, there was rapid and predictable replacement of early profiles dominated by health-associated Corynebacterium and Dolosigranulum with those dominated by Moraxella and Haemophilus, independent of exposures. Season and antibiotic exposure were key determinants of NP bacterial profiles. Understudied but highly prevalent exposures prevalent in LMICs, including maternal smoking and HIV-exposure, were associated with NP bacterial profiles. Video... |
| The composition of environmental microbiota in three tree fruit packing facilities changed over seasons and contained taxa indicative of L. monocytogenes contamination |
| Sun, 04 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that a cross-sectional sampling strategy may not accurately reflect the representative microbiota of food processing facilities. Our findings also suggest that specific microorganisms are indicative of L. monocytogenes, warranting further investigation of their role in the survival and persistence of L. monocytogenes. Video Abstract. |
| Improved engineering of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to study the adaptation of pyoverdine production under intra- or inter- specific bacterial competition |
| Sun, 04 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) is a common cause of chronic infections, particularly feared by cystic fibrosis patients. PA colonizes the lung where it adapts to the local environment, and/or to treatments by drugs. This genotypic and phenotypic adaptation, in turns, influences its interaction with its environment, like bacteria from the microbiota. As an example, to access iron, PA produces and secretes two siderophores, pyoverdine and pyochelin that are iron chelators scavenging iron from the... |
| Effects of Aeromonas hydrophila infection on the intestinal microbiota, transcriptome, and metabolomic of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) |
| Sun, 04 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Aeromonas hydrophila frequently has harmful effects on aquatic organisms. The intestine is an important defense against stress. In this study, we investigated the intestinal microbiota and transcriptomic and metabolomic responses of Cyprinus carpio subjected to A. hydrophila infection. The results showed that obvious variation in the intestinal microbiota was observed after infection, with increased levels of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes and decreased levels of Proteobacteria. Several genera of... |
| Asthma-protective agents in dust from traditional farm environments |
| Sun, 04 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| CONCLUSIONS: Animals and plants from traditional farms produce proteins that transport hydrophobic microbial and plant metabolites. When delivered to mucosal surfaces, these agents might regulate airway responses. |
| Yijung-tang improves thermogenesis and reduces inflammation associated with gut microbiota in hypothyroid rats |
| Sat, 03 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Currently, considerable attention is focused on exploring the potential relationship between herbal medicine (HM) and the gut microbiome in terms of thermoregulation, which is an important aspect of human health, in modern system biology. However, our knowledge of the mechanisms of HM in thermoregulation is inadequate. Here, we demonstrate that the canonical herbal formula, Yijung-tang (YJT), protects against hypothermia, hyperinflammation, and intestinal microbiota dysbiosis in PTU-induced... |
| Bacteriophage targeting microbiota alleviates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease induced by high alcohol-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae |
| Sat, 03 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Our previous studies have shown that high alcohol-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (HiAlc Kpn) in the intestinal microbiome could be one of the causes of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Considering antimicrobial resistance of K. pneumoniae and dysbacteriosis caused by antibiotics, phage therapy might have potential in treatment of HiAlc Kpn-induced NAFLD, because of the specificity targeting the bacteria. Here, we clarified the effectiveness of phage therapy in male mice with HiAlc... |
| New insights on the effects of blend composition on the biodegradation and permeability of Inulin-Eudragit RS film coatings for colon drug delivery |
| Sat, 03 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Inulin has been applied in Inulin-Eudragit RS (Inu-ERS) coatings as the component responsible for degradation by human microbiota. However, studies on how bacterial enzymes can degrade polysaccharides like inulin imbedded in water insoluble polymers like Eudragit RS are still elusive. The present work aims at elucidating the complex process of enzyme triggered biodegradation of inulin with various molecular weights in isolated films with Eudragit RS. The ratio of inulin to Eudragit RS was varied... |
| Epigallocatechin-3-gallate ameliorates polystyrene microplastics-induced anxiety-like behavior in mice by modulating gut microbe homeostasis |
| Sat, 03 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) have emerged as a concerning pollutant in modern society due to their widespread production and usage. Despite ongoing research efforts, the impact of PS-MPs on mammalian behavior and the mechanisms driving these effects remain incompletely elucidated. Consequently, effective strategies for prevention have yet to be developed. To fill these gaps, C57BL/6 mice were orally administered with 5 μm PS-MPs for 28 consecutive days in this study. The open-field test... |
| Long-read metagenomic sequencing reveals that high-copy small plasmids shape the highly prevalent antibiotic resistance genes in animal fecal microbiome |
| Sat, 03 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| The emergence and prevalence of animal-derived antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) pose a great threat to public health globally. Long-read metagenomic sequencing is increasingly being used to decipher the fate of environmental ARGs. However, the investigations of the distribution, co-occurrence patterns, and host information of animal-derived environmental ARGs with long-read metagenomic sequencing have received little attention. To cover the gap, we employed a novel QitanTech nanopore long-read... |
| Loss of the mitochondrial protein Abcb10 results in altered arginine metabolism in MEL and K562 cells and nutrient stress signaling through ATF4 |
| Sat, 03 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Abcb10 is a mitochondrial membrane protein involved in hemoglobinization of red cells. Abcb10 topology and ATPase domain localization suggest it exports a substrate, likely biliverdin, out of mitochondria that is necessary for hemoglobinization. In this study we generated Abcb10 deletion cell lines in both mouse murine erythroleukemia (MEL) and human erythroid precursor human myelogenous leukemia (K562) cells to better understand the consequences of Abcb10 loss. Loss of Abcb10 resulted in an... |
| Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry for metabolomic analysis of dental calculus from Duke Alessandro Farnese and Maria D'Aviz |
| Fri, 02 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Dental calculus is a valuable resource for the reconstruction of dietary habits and oral microbiome of past populations. In 2020 the remains of Duke Alessandro Farnese and his wife Maria D'Aviz were exhumed to get novel insights into the causes of death. This study aimed to investigate the dental calculus metabolome of the noble couple by untargeted metabolomics. The pulverized samples were decalcified in a water-formic acid mixture, extracted using methanol/acetonitrile and analyzed by... |
| Chemoresistance in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: Overcoming resistance to therapy |
| Fri, 02 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), a prominent cause of cancer deaths worldwide, is a highly aggressive cancer most frequently detected at an advanced stage that limits treatment options to systemic chemotherapy, which has provided only marginal positive clinical outcomes. More than 90% of patients with PDAC die within a year of being diagnosed. PDAC is increasing at a rate of 0.5-1.0% per year, and it is expected to be the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality by 2030. The... |
| Phytochemical analysis and evaluation of antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antidiabetic activities of essential oils from Moroccan medicinal plants: Mentha suaveolens, Lavandula stoechas, and Ammi visnaga |
| Fri, 02 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Mentha suaveolens, Lavandula stoechas, and Ammi visnaga are widely used in Moroccan folk medicine against several pathological disorders, including diabetes and infectious diseases. This work was designed to determine the chemical profile of M. suaveolens (MSEO), L. stoechas (LSEO), and A. visnaga (AVEO) essential oils and assess their antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antidiabetic effects. The volatile components of LSEO, AVEO, and MSEO were analyzed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry... |
| The mechanism of vitamin D3 in preventing colorectal cancer through network pharmacology |
| Fri, 02 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Objective: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common cancer that cannot be detected at an early stage and is a major challenge in oncology research. Studies have shown that vitamin D3 has some anti-cancer and preventive effects on colorectal cancer, but the exact anti-cancer mechanism is not clear. We applied the relevant research methods of network pharmacology to speculate and validate the possible potential pharmacological mechanisms of vitamin D3 for the prevention of colorectal cancer, and to... |
| Deletion of genes linked to the C1-fixing gene cluster affects growth, by-products, and proteome of Clostridium autoethanogenum |
| Fri, 02 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Gas fermentation has emerged as a sustainable route to produce fuels and chemicals by recycling inexpensive one-carbon (C(1)) feedstocks from gaseous and solid waste using gas-fermenting microbes. Currently, acetogens that utilise the Wood-Ljungdahl pathway to convert carbon oxides (CO and CO(2)) into valuable products are the most advanced biocatalysts for gas fermentation. However, our understanding of the functionalities of the genes involved in the C(1)-fixing gene cluster and its... |
| Chinese herbal medicines for treating ulcerative colitis via regulating gut microbiota-intestinal immunity axis |
| Fri, 02 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Ulcerative colitis (UC) is one of types of inflammatory bowel disease with high recurrence. Recent studies have highlighted that microbial dysbiosis as well as abnormal gut immunity are crucial factors that initiate a series of inflammatory responses in the UC. Modulating the gut microbiota-intestinal immunity loop has been suggested as one of key strategies for relieving UC. Many Chinese herbal medicines including some of single herb, herbal formulas and the derived constituents have been... |
| Novel insights at the crossroads of antibiotic use and cancer risk |
| Fri, 02 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| The continuous use of antibiotics is associated with the spread of antimicrobial resistances and the not yet clear link to cancer development. Many conventional antibiotics have already shown different effects on a variety of cancer types raising questions for their rational use in cancer. However, discrepancy in the observed trend for some antibiotics reducing cancer development and being associated with higher risk of cancer underscores the lack of understanding the complex link between... |
| Clostridium difficile in inflammatory bowel disease |
| Fri, 02 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The chronic inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), Crohn's disease, and ulcerative colitis, are associated with an increased risk of symptomatic Clostridium difficile infection (CDI). CDI may also masquerade as an IBD flare and complicate IBD management. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of CDI in IBD patients. |
| The faecal microbiome of Exmoor ponies shows step-wise compositional changes with increasing levels of management by humans |
| Fri, 02 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| CONCLUSIONS: Human-led management factors had profound step-wise effects on faecal microbial composition. Based on functional metagenome predictions, we hypothesise that dietary differences between groups were the major driver of observed differences. |
| Skin microbiome differentiates into distinct cutotypes with unique metabolic functions upon exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons |
| Thu, 01 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed the roles of PAHs in driving skin microbiome differentiation into cutotypes that vary extensively in taxonomy and metabolic functions and may subsequently lead to variations in skin-microbe interactions that affect host skin health. An improved understanding of the roles of microbiomes on skin exposed to air pollutants can aid the development of strategies that harness microbes to prevent undesirable skin conditions. Video Abstract. |
| Metabolite profiling of susceptible and resistant wheat (Triticum aestivum) cultivars responding to Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici infection |
| Thu, 01 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| CONCLUSIONS: Overall, an LC-MS-based metabolomics approach allowed for the metabolic profiling and analysis of the impact of plant-pathogen interactions on the overall plant metabolome and provided a real-time snapshot of the differential significant metabolic perturbations occurring in wheat plants responding to the Pst pathogen. The Pst-resistant Koonap cultivar showed a rapid accumulation of defence metabolites in response to pathogen infection compared to the susceptible Gariep cultivar.... |
| In silico secretome analyses of the polyphagous root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica: a resource for studying M. javanica secreted proteins |
| Thu, 01 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| CONCLUSION: This study identifies the putative secretome encoded in the M. javanica genome. Future experimental validation analyses can greatly benefit from this global analysis of M. javanica secretome. Equally, our analyses will advance knowledge of the interaction between plants and nematodes. |
| Genetic determinants of Biofilm formation of Helicobacter pylori using whole-genome sequencing |
| Thu, 01 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed the potential role of SNPs in biofilm formation and proposed a method to detect mutation in biofilm from whole-genome sequences. |
| Phyllosphere symbiont promotes plant growth through ACC deaminase production |
| Thu, 01 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Plant growth promoting bacteria can confer resistance to various types of stress and increase agricultural yields. The mechanisms they employ are diverse. One of the most important genes associated with the increase in plant biomass and stress resistance is acdS, which encodes a 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate- or ACC-deaminase. The non-proteinogenic amino acid ACC is the precursor and means of long-distance transport of ethylene, a plant hormone associated with growth arrest. Expression of... |
| Gut microbiota-derived lipid metabolites facilitate regulatory T cell differentiation |
| Thu, 01 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Commensal bacteria-derived metabolites are critical in regulating the host immune system. Although the impact of gut microbiota-derived hydrophilic metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids, on immune cell functions and development has been well documented, the immunomodulatory effects of gut microbiota-derived lipids are still of interest. Here, we report that lipid extracts from the feces of specific-pathogen-free (SPF), but not germ-free (GF), mice showed regulatory T (Treg)-cell-inducing... |
| Fine-tuning immunity against cancer: The emergence of engineered commensal microbiota |
| Thu, 01 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| No abstract |
| Targeting microbiome, drug metabolism, and drug delivery in oncology |
| Thu, 01 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Recent emerging scientific evidence shows a relationship between gut microbiota (GM) and immunomodulation. In the recently published "Hallmarks of Cancer", the microbiome has been reported to play a crucial role in cancer research, and perspectives for its clinical implementation to improve the effectiveness of pharmacotherapy were explored. Several studies have shown that GM can affect the outcomes of pharmacotherapy in cancer, suggesting that GM may affect anti-tumor immunity. Thus, studies on... |
| Gut Microbiome Composition is associated with future onset of Crohn's Disease in Healthy First-Degree Relatives |
| Thu, 01 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| CONCLUSION: This study is the first to demonstrate that gut microbiome composition is associated with future onset of CD and suggests that gut microbiome is a contributor in the pathogenesis of CD. |
| Pickering emulsion stabilized by parasin I and chitosan nanoparticles enhances protection against intestinal microbiota homeostasis by reducing inflammation in peritonitis mice |
| Thu, 01 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Although various researches evaluated the stability and drug loading efficiency of chitosan Pickering emulsion, few studies assessed the role and mechanism of emulsions in gut flora homeostasis. Thus, in the basics of our previously published natural and antimicrobial Pickering emulsions, the function of emulsion on the intestinal microbiota and inflammation response was explored in Kunming mice with peritonitis. The results showed that lipid/peptide nanoparticles emulsion (LPNE) and the... |
| Profiling of branched chain and straight chain saturated fatty acids by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry |
| Thu, 01 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Branched chain fatty acids (BCFAs) are one of the important sub categories of fatty acids (FAs) which have unique functions in nature. They are commonly analyzed by GC-MS after derivatization to methyl esters (FAMEs). On the other hand, there is a lack of isomer-selective LC-MS methods which allow the distinction of different isomers with wide coverage of carbon chain length. In this work, a systematic retention and isomer selectivity study on seven commercially available UHPLC columns (six... |
| Biofilm Microenvironment-Responsive Self-Assembly Nanoreactors for All-stage Biofilm Associated Infection through Bacterial Cuproptosis-like Death and Macrophage Re-rousing |
| Thu, 01 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Bacterial biofilm-associated infections (BAIs) are the leading cause of prosthetic implant failure. The dense biofilm structure prevents antibiotic penetration, while the highly acidic and H(2) O(2) -rich biofilm microenvironment (BME) dampens the immunological response of antimicrobial macrophages. Conventional treatments that fail to consistently suppress escaping planktonic bacteria from biofilm result in refractory recolonization, allowing BAIs to persist. Herein, we propose a BME-responsive... |
| Food wastes as a potential hotspot of antibiotic resistance: synergistic expression of multidrug resistance and ESBL genes confer antibiotic resistance to microbial communities |
| Thu, 01 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| This study investigated antibiotic resistance (ABR) and extended-spectrum ß-lactamases (ESBL) patterns in bacterial isolates collected from the dairy, hotel, meat, and canteen food waste samples. A total of 144 bacterial strains were collected and screened for resistance against 9 standard antibiotics belonging to three generations and ESBL production. The ABR profile of the bacterial isolates was observed against all four major antibiotic groups (aminoglycosides, β-lactams, quinolone, and... |
| Effects of effective microorganisms on the physiological status, intestinal microbiome, and serum metabolites of Eriocheir sinensis |
| Thu, 01 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| The compound known as effective microorganisms (EMs) is widely used in aquaculture to improve water quality, but how they affect the health of Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) is unclear, especially in terms of intestinal microbiota and serum metabolites. In this study, we fed juvenile crabs with an EM-containing diet to explore the effects of EM on the physiological status, intestinal microbiome, and metabolites of E. sinensis. The activities of alanine aminotransferase and alkaline... |
| Study on the Mechanism of Jiaotai Pill Intervention on Insomnia Animal Model Based on Gut Microbiome and Metabolomics |
| Thu, 01 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| CONCLUSIONS: We hypothesize that JTP may achieve insomnia relief by eliminating inflammation-causing bacteria in the gut and reducing inflammation levels through the brain-gut axis, pointing to potential targets and pathways for future research on JTP. |
| Editorial: Can traditional Chinese medicines affect endocrine diseases via effects on the intestinal flora? |
| Thu, 01 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| No abstract |
| Escherichia coli ST2797 Is Abundant in Wastewater and Might Be a Novel Emerging Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase E. coli |
| Thu, 01 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| The increasing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria is an emerging threat to global health. The analysis of antibiotic-resistant enterobacteria in wastewater can indicate the prevalence and spread of certain clonal groups of multiresistant bacteria. In a previous study of Escherichia coli that were isolated from a pump station in Norway over 15 months, we found a recurring E. coli clone that was resistant to trimethoprim, ampicillin, and tetracycline in 201 of 3,123 analyzed isolates... |
| Longitudinal Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis Underlies Olanzapine-Induced Weight Gain |
| Thu, 01 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Olanzapine is one of the most effective medicines available for stabilizing schizophrenia spectrum disorders. However, it has been reported to show the greatest propensity for inducing body weight gain and producing metabolic side effects, which cause a great burden in patients with psychiatric disorders. Since the gut microbiota has a profound impact on the initiation and development of metabolic diseases, we conducted a longitudinal study to explore its role in olanzapine-induced obesity and... |
| Disease-associated gut microbiome and critical metabolomic alterations in patients with colorectal cancer |
| Thu, 01 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| BACKGROUND: Gut microbiota plays a significant role in the colorectal cancer (CRC) process. Ectopic colonization of multiple oral bacteria is reportedly associated with CRC pathogenesis and progression, but the details remain unclear. |
| Metabolomics Peak Analysis Computational Tool (MPACT): An Advanced Informatics Tool for Metabolomics and Data Visualization of Molecules from Complex Biological Samples |
| Thu, 01 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Untargeted metabolomics is a powerful tool for investigating chemistry of complex biological systems, but its utility is compromised by the presence of uninformative features and the limited efficiency of currently available prioritization tools. More effective filtering and prioritization tools are required to address the challenges of large untargeted metabolomics datasets. Here, we introduce Metabolomics Peak Analysis Computational Tool (MPACT), a new mass spectrometry data analysis platform... |
| The potential therapeutic role of vitamin D in inflammatory bowel disease |
| Thu, 01 Jun 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is defined as a relapsing and remitting condition characterized by chronic inflammation at different sites in the gastrointestinal tract. Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) represents the two major forms of IBD. Even though IBD pathophysiology is still not fully understood, genetic factors, environmental factors, dysregulation of both innate and adaptive immune responses, alterations in gut microbiota composition, excessive consumption of saturated... |
| Pilot evaluation of a single oral fecal microbiota transplantation for canine atopic dermatitis |
| Wed, 31 May 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| The gut microbiota has been suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of canine atopic dermatitis (cAD). However, the gut microbiota has not been well characterized in dogs with atopic dermatitis (AD). In addition, the efficacy of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in dogs with AD remains unclear. This research, therefore, aimed to characterize the gut microbiota of dogs with AD and conduct pilot evaluation of the efficacy of a single oral FMT on clinical signs and the gut microbiota of... |
| Gut microbiome determines therapeutic effects of OCA on NAFLD by modulating bile acid metabolism |
| Wed, 31 May 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the most common chronic liver disease, had no approved pharmacological agents yet. Obeticholic acid (OCA), a novel bile acid derivative, was demonstrated to ameliorate NAFLD-related manifestations. Regarding the role of gut-liver axis in liver disease development, this study aimed to explore the potential role of gut microbiota in the treatment of OCA in NAFLD mice induced by the high-fat diet (HFD). Antibiotic-induced microbiome depletion (AIMD) and... |
| Investigating the impact of condomless vaginal intercourse and lubricant use on the vaginal metabolome: a pre-post observational study |
| Wed, 31 May 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| CONCLUSIONS: This study provides important foundational data on how condomless vaginal-penile intercourse and lubricant use affect the vaginal metabolome and may affect the protective mechanisms in the vaginal microenvironment. |
| Human gut microbiota influences drug-metabolizing enzyme hepatic Cyp3a: A human flora-associated mice study |
| Wed, 31 May 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Several studies revealed that gut microbiota affects the hepatic drug-metabolizing enzyme cytochrome P450 (Cyp). We hypothesized that individual gut microbiota variations could contribute to CYP activity. Human flora-associated (HFA) mice are established from germ-free mice using human feces and are often used to determine the effect of the human gut microbiota on the host. This study generated two groups of HFA mice using feces from two healthy individuals. Then, the composition of gut... |
| 2'-Fucosyllactose Alleviates Early Weaning-Induced Anxiety-Like Behavior, Amygdala Hyperactivity, and Gut Microbiota Changes |
| Wed, 31 May 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Early life stress has a significant impact on development of the central nervous system (CNS), with lasting rather than transient consequences; therefore, it is important to alleviate these effects. In recent years, functional communication between the CNS and gut microbiota through the so-called brain-gut-microbiota axis has been examined, and it is likely that prebiotics contribute to development of the CNS through the gut microbiota. In this study, we performed behavioral, neurohistological,... |
| Forages and Pastures Symposium: Forage biodegradation: Advances in ruminal microbial ecology |
| Wed, 31 May 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| The rumen microbial ecosystem provides ruminants a selective advantage, the ability to utilize forages, allowing them to flourish worldwide in various environments. For many years, our understanding of the ruminal microbial ecosystem was limited to understanding the microbes (usually only laboratory-amenable bacteria) grown in pure culture, meaning that much of our understanding of ruminal function remained a "black box." However, the ruminal degradation of plant cell walls is performed by a... |
| Clostridioides difficile - New Insights and Therapy Recommendations |
| Wed, 31 May 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| After an increase in Clostridioides difficile infections (CDI) until 2013 due to epidemic ribotypes such as 027 and 078, CDI incidence in Germany is now declining, as confirmed by recent epidemiological data. Despite this success through antimicrobial stewardship and hospital hygiene, the burden of disease remains high, especially in older patients (>65 years) with comorbidities. The main risk factor for CDI is the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics, which disrupt the gut microbiota, allowing C.... |
| The dynamics and transmission of antibiotic resistance associated with plant microbiomes |
| Wed, 31 May 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) have been widely found and studied in soil and water environments. However, the propagation of ARGs in plant microbiomes has attracted insufficient attention. Plant microbiomes, especially the rhizosphere microorganisms, are closely connected with water, soil, and air, which allows ARGs to spread widely in ecosystems and pose a threat to human health after entering the human body with bacteria. Therefore, it is necessary to deeply understand and explore the... |
| Shikimic Acid Regulates the NF-κB/MAPK Signaling Pathway and Gut Microbiota to Ameliorate DSS-Induced Ulcerative Colitis |
| Wed, 31 May 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Shikimic acid (SA) is a compound extracted from the plant anise and has anti-inflammatory effects. However, any impact on intestinal inflammation or mechanisms involved has not been investigated. The present study used a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced mouse colitis model to investigate the effects of SA on intestinal inflammation. Intragastric administration of SA slowed DSS-induced weight loss, reduced disease activity index (DAI) score, enhanced the intestinal barrier, reduced the... |
| Metabolomic profiling of bacterial biofilm: trends, challenges, and an emerging antibiofilm target |
| Wed, 31 May 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| Biofilm-related infections substantially contribute to bacterial illnesses, with estimates indicating that at least 80% of such diseases are linked to biofilms. Biofilms exhibit unique metabolic patterns that set them apart from their planktonic counterparts, resulting in significant metabolic reprogramming during biofilm formation. Differential glycolytic enzymes suggest that central metabolic processes are markedly different in biofilms and planktonic cells. The glycolytic enzyme... |
| Retrospective Analysis of the Safety and Efficacy of Fecal Microbiota, Live-jslm (REBYOTATM) Administered Under Enforcement Discretion to Patients With Clostridioides difficile Infection |
| Wed, 31 May 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| CONCLUSIONS: Together with prospective clinical trial outcomes, these findings support the efficacy and safety of RBL to prevent rCDI, with diagnostics and comorbidities representative of real-world clinical practice. |
| Gut microbiota were altered with platelet count and red blood cell count in immune thrombocytopenia patients with different treatments |
| Wed, 31 May 2023 06:00:00 -0400 |
| The gut microbiome is clearly linked to the development of various autoimmune diseases, however, its association with immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is less well understood. The current study collected 73 samples, including 36 from healthy individuals and 37 from ITP patients. The gut microbial community was assessed using 16s rRNA sequencing. Findings illustrated that the abundance of key microbiota was significantly higher in the ITP group. This group was further divided into three subgroups... |
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